Impact of Adding Nanomaterials on the Biological Activity of Indoxacarb Pesticide Against Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Infesting Wheat, Triticum Aestivum Plants

               Wheat plants are widely cultivated for seed production, a cereal grain that is a  worldwide staple food. Wheat crop infested with fall army warm AW) Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) which is considered an insect pest belonging to the order Lepidoptera, Fam. Noctuidae. This study highlights the necessity to search for safe alternatives and materials to the environment control FAW at wheat fields. Impact of these materials on wheat plants parameters, estimating the size of the Bentonite and calcium silicate granules using an electronic microscope, study physic-chemical properties and impact of these materials on bio-chemicals analysis to wheat plants. Used Indoxacarb, Calcium silicate and Bentonite spraying on infested wheat plants with Fall Army Worm (FAW) delete using seed of wheat (variety Giza 171), seedling date on 10\11\2021. The results indicated that the statistical analysis showed that there are significant differences between each treatment, between days after twice spraying, and between twice spraying. The results after the first day of application declared that Indoxacarb treatment caused an 88.42 % reduction in FAW larvae followed by adding calcium silicate to Indoxacarb at 62.96 % ± 9%, while the Bentonite treatment record the least effect at 53.70 ± 9 %. Regarding the 5^th day of spraying treatments of Bentonite and Indoxacarb record the superior treatments with 100 % reduction against FAW larvae followed by calcium silicate at 41.66 ±20 % but the least reduction was noticed with Indoxacarb in a binary mixture with calcium silicate 37.0 % reduction, respectively. Indoxacarb causes the highest reduction after 1^st day from the first and second spraying, but after 5^th day from spraying Bentonite and calcium silicate which are used as a nanoparticle were the first superior compared to Indoxacarb insecticide. Especially plant parameters, using calcium silicate, Bentonite separately in mixing with Indoxacarb pesticide were provided botanical measurements of plant height, number of shoots and number of leaves. In case of physic-chemical properties, noticed that surface tension values ranged between 14 to 22, reduced surface tension value help the spraying process successfully due to the increasing wetness of plant surfaces, suspensibility % were higher. PH value of Indoxacarb was 7.15 almost neutral while other treatments' PH values ranged from 8.17 to 8.50. The results showed that analytical results to wheat leaves indicate that Flavonoids, silicate, total phenolic, total protein and carbohydrate were increasing in case of Bentonite and calcium silicate treatment compared with control.