Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Efficacy of some Entomopathogenic Fungi against Bracon brevicornis under Laboratory Conditions
1
5
EN
F. A.Bakr
Reda
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University
redabakr55@gmail.com
Noha
Awny Mohamed
Guneidy
Faculty of Science Ain Shams University Cairo, Egypt
Nagy
Abd Elatief
Farag
Pests and Plant Protection Dept., Agricultural and Biological Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
Hoda
Hassan
Ali Elbehery
Pests and Plant Protection Dept., Agricultural and Biological Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17141
In this work we studied the effects of the <em>Beauvaria<br />bassiana</em> and <em>Metarhizium anisoplia</em> on <em>Bracon</em> <em>brevicornis</em><br />in the laboratory to evaluate the possibility of application of<br />entomopathogenic fungi and the parasitoid <em>Bracon</em> <em>brevicornis</em> side<br />by side in IPM programs. <strong><em> </em></strong><em>Metarhizium<br />anisoplia</em> was found No mortality observed<br />at the highest concentration (4g/L) and the lowest tested concentration while<br />the recommended concentration recorded mortality (0.1333±0.0908%) of <em>B. brevicornis</em><br />adult. While The recommended concentration (2g/L) of <em>B. bassiana</em> induced<br />no mortality among the adult parasitoids while its highest tested concentration<br />(4g/L) and the lowest concentration (1g/L) gave mortality (0.0667±.06667%) and<br />(0.1333±0.0908%) respectively.
biological control,fungi,Beauvaria bassiana,Metarhizium anisoplia,Bracon brevicornis
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17141.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17141_5f779dfe894c991c0f75dab8beeb1378.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Evaluation the efficiency of anise oil (Pimpinella anisum) for controlling cowpea seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
7
14
EN
Albandari
F.
Al Yousef
Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princes Nora University, Riyadh, K.S.A
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17142
The present study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness and study the impact of anise oil as a natural product against the adults of the cowpea seed beetle, <em>Callosobruchus maculatus</em> (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) under controlled laboratory conditions.
The study was made at the biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princes Nora University, Al Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, where the effect of four concentrations of anise oil (5, 2.5, 1.25 and 0.12 mg/l) on the adults of this pest was tested. Results were recorded after three and five days of treatment. The Percentage of mortality of adult insects was estimated. Data statistically analyzed and the toxicity lines were illustrated. Data obtained showed that, all the tested concentrations gave satisfactory results against the cowpea weevil under laboratory conditions and the mortality percentage increased with the increase of the oil concentration and the period after treatment.
The percentage of mortality was between 20 and 56.66 % after three days and was between 70 and 83.33 % after five days from treatment at the lower (0.12 mg/l) and higher (5mg/l) concentrations, respectively, and the LC<sub>50</sub> value was 4.971 mg/l after three days from treatment.
Callosobruchus maculatus (F.),Coleoptera,Bruchidae,Anise oil
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17142.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17142_c87c9faed92ca15a74e05dd8bf43eb02.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
The effect of water quality on insecticides stability
15
23
EN
Hanan
F.
Abdel –Hafez
Plant Protection Reasearch Institute, A. R. C. Dokki, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17143
The present study was aimed to investigate how salinity and pH of water which carries insecticides on their efficacy. Physico-chemical properties [salinity%, TDS mg/L, ECms and pH] of four water quality, ie., Nile water (N.W), Agricultural drainage water (Adw), Ground water (G.W, 16m<sup>3</sup> deep) and distilled water (d.w) were measured alone and with marshal 20% EC, Sumithion 50% EC and oshin 20% SG. The LC<sub>50</sub> values and both initial and residual activities of these insecticides with different kinds of water were also determined under laboratory and field conditions against the cotton aphid, <em>Aphis gossypii. </em>The results clearly indicated that both N.W and AdW had high level of salinity and pH, therefore were considered as "Hard" according to standard classification system of Analytical services Litchlab. In addition, all the tested insecticides confirmed lowest toxicity (LC<sub>50</sub>) and lowest initial and residual effects when these insecticides diluted in both Nile water and agricultural drainage water. These effects could be attributed to such water contains high level of cations (positively charged) such as Ca<sup>+2</sup>, Mg<sup>+2</sup>, Fe<sup>+3</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup> and other ions attach to negatively charged insecticide molecules then, render the compound inactive. In addition insecticides particularly organophosphates and carbamates, undergo chemical breakdown in alkalin water (pH>7). So that salinity and pH in spray water can diminish the effectiveness of insecticides. On the other hand, turbidity water has soil particles (clay and silt), these particles can bind with insecticide molecules and harbor microbes that naturally degrade insecticide, and clog Filters and nozzles.
Generally how to keep it from becoming a problem? Please check the water pH before adding any compound. Water should be clean and clear for all pesticide applications. Remember read the pesticide label for recommended pH range.
water salinity,carrier water quality,Water pH,Pesticides
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17143.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17143_4402ad6038a7976e8a8d8eaf48c576fd.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Toxicological, biological and biochemical impacts of Indoxacarb and Methoxyfenozoid on the larvae of the Cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
25
36
EN
Amany
S.
Khaled
Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University
Shimaa
M. Farag
Farag
Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17144
The insecticidal, biological and biochemical<br />effects of Indoxacarb and Methoxyfenozoidwere evaluated on the 4<sup>th</sup><br />instar larvae of <em>Spodoptera littoralis </em>(Boisd.) (Lepidoptera:<br />Noctuidae). Indoxacarb exhibited high level of toxicity with Lc<sub>50</sub><br />(0.3983ppm) followed by Methoxyfenozoid (1.7799ppm). The tested insecticides at all treatments<br />increased larval mortality, larval duration and decreased pupation rate, pupal<br />weight and adult emergence. Female fecundity and fertility were significantly<br />reduced at all treatments compared to control. Furthermore, a significant<br />reduction in the digestive enzymes (amylase, trehalase, invertase) and GOT<br />& GPT were recorded.
Indoxacarb,Methoxyfenozoid,Spodoptera littoralis,Digestive enzymes and,GOT & GPT
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17144.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17144_f1d7b308874eca7ac1ba4d51725a8706.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Effects of Three Essential Oils and /or Gamma Irradiation on the Greater Wax Moth, Galleria Mellonella
37
47
EN
Nehad
M.
Elbarky
Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Banha University, Benha, Egypt
Hussein
F.
Mohamed
Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
Samira
E.M.
El-Naggar
Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
Marwa
S.
Salama
Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
Abdelwahab
A.
Ibrahim
Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Banha University, Benha, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17237
The insecticidal activity of the essential oils peppermint, <em>Mentha piperita L</em>., geranium; <em>Pelargonium graveolens L., </em>basil; and <em>Ocimum basilicum L</em>. were investigated in laboratory against early fourth instar larvae of the greater wax moth, <em>Galleria</em> <em>mellonella</em>. The tested plant oils prolonged the larval - pupal periods and reduced both pupation and percentage of adult emergence. <em>O. basilicum</em> scored the highest larval mortality followed by<em> M. piperita </em>then <em>P. graveolens</em>. Other developmental aspects as survival and sex ratio were clearly affected by increasing the concentration increments of plant oils. The combined treatment of 100 Gy Gamma radiation and LC<sub>50 </sub>of <em>M. piperita </em>and<em> P. graveolens</em> had clear effect on total larval mortality and sex ratio. Pupation, adult emergence, and survival were clearly reduced in the combined treatments.
Galleria mellonella,(Lepidoptera),gamma radiation,Essential oils
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17237.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17237_89490707d4adc35af024109d6e1a9926.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Response of mosquito (Anopheles arabiensis patton) adult to leaves hexane extract of Rehan (Ocimum basilicum L.)
49
54
EN
Fathelrahman
I.
Elsiddig
Plant protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sinnar University, Sudan
elsiiddig@gmail.com
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17238
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Laboratory experiments were conducted at the<br />National Malaria Centre, Sinnar State, Sudan, to test the efficacy of hexane<br />extracts of rehan leaves (<em>Ocimum basilicum</em>) used as paper impregnation,<br />against adult mosquito <em>Anopheles arabiensis</em> Patton. Repellency every 30<br />minutes, oviposition deterrency and adult mortality after 24 hours exposure<br />were calculated using an excito-repellency box recommended by the WHO. Results<br />indicated that rehan hexane extract at 10% concentration exhibited repellency<br />property to the tested mosquitoes up to 2 hours, and it was superior to the standard<br />insecticide. However all tested concentrations (1%, 5%, 10%) depicted<br />oviposition deterrency to the insect, but had a little insecticidal effect<br />compared to the standard.</span>
Ocimum basilicum,Anopheles,Mosquito,Hexane extract
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17238.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17238_6bd01a8dff174851b8792d48b0f197e5.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Oxidative stress effects of abamectin and hematoporphyrin with the antioxidant efficiency in the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Biosd.)
55
63
EN
Nahla
M.
Abd El-Aziz
1Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo university, Egypt
nmabdelaziz73@gmail.com
Nedal
M.
Fahmy
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center. Giza, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17239
Effects of abamectin and<br />hematoporphyrin (HP), eco-friendly insecticides, on the<br />concentration of the oxidative stress indicator malondialdehyde (MDA) and on<br />the antioxidant enzymes; catalase (CAT), glutathione-<em>S</em>-transferase<br />(GST); activity were studied in the 4<sup>th </sup>instar larvae of <em>Spodoptera<br />littoralis</em> (Biosd.). There effects on glutathione (GSH) level were also<br />investigated. MDA content was significantly increased on the 1<sup>st</sup> day<br />post treatment of both insecticides, but increased significantly only with HP<br />treatment on the 5<sup>th </sup>day of treatment. Abamectin treatment decreased<br />GSH significantly on the 3<sup>rd</sup> and 4<sup>th </sup>days, while HP<br />treatment increased its level on the 1<sup>st</sup> and <sup>2nd </sup>day post<br />treatment. Activities of antioxidant<br />enzymes, CAT and GST, did not show a consistent pattern with respect to<br />abamectin and HP. These results suggest that exposure to abamectin and HP<br />resulted in impaired enzymatic antioxidant defense capacity in 4<sup>th</sup><br />instar <em>S. littoralis</em> larval tissues.
Antioxidant enzymes,biopesticides,Abamectin,Porphyrins,Oxidative Stress,Spodoptera littoralis
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17239.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17239_098a02dacd210f1785fdd5d3481f21fa.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Mosquito Larvicidal and Pupicidal Potential of Heliotropium curassavicum L. Against Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) and Their Chemical Composition in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
65
70
EN
El-Kholy
M.
Y.
-Department of Biology, College of Science, Aljouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
-Department of Pests and Plant Protection, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
Arafa
Musa
-Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Aljouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
-Department of Pharmacognosy, College of pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17240
Curassavine was isolated as a yellowish viscous liquid and identified as (ester of trachelanthamidine and 3-carboxy-4-methylhexane-2,3-diol) by the aid of mass spectrometry (MS) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (<sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C-NMR).Considerable mortality was evident after the treatment. With regard to the larvicidal activity, the obtained data showed mortality percentages between 4 and 24 % using concentrations between 100 and 500 mg/ml after 3 days. The mortality increased to reach 8 and 86 % for the same concentrations within 5 days. LC<sub>50</sub> was 288.4 mg/ml. Concerning the pupicidal activity, no effect using concentrations between 100 and 500 mg/ml within 2 days; while they showed mortality percentages between 8 and 60 % within 5 days. LC<sub>50</sub> was 512.9 mg/ml. On the other hand, Curassavine caused mortality percentages among larvae and pupae of <em>Culex pipiens </em>between 12 and 84 % using concentrations between 100 and 500 µg/ml after one day. While they showed mortality percentages between 16 and 100 % within 2 days; Value of LC<sub>50</sub> was 147.9 µg/ml.
larvicidal,pupicidal,Heliotropium curassavicum Culex pipiens
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17240.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17240_f24e4cf4f18882428652283977d67849.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Combined Activity of Spinosyns A, D, J and L On Two Stored Product Insects
71
80
EN
Mohamed
Mohamed
Azab
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University
mohamed.azab@fagr.bu.edu.eg
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17241
To evaluate the combined activity of spinosad (spinosyns A and D) and spinetoram (spinosyns J and L) against the adult of two stored grain insects, <em>Sitophilus oryzae</em> and <em>Tribolium castaneum</em>, laboratory bioassays were conducted for each insecticide alone at five concentration levels, and at four levels for the binary mixture. The results indicated that the values of Co-toxicity Factor were affected by the mixture concentration level, the exposure interval and the insect susceptibility. They ranged from +344.4 (a potentiation effect) at the highest mixture concentration level on <em>S. oryzae</em>, after one day exposure time, to -14.29 (an additive effect) at the lowest mixture concentration level, which gave the least adult mortality of<em> T. castaneum</em> after 14 days exposure time. It was concluded that the activity of the spinosad and spinetoram mixture will increase at high concentrations, for short exposure times and against susceptible insects.
Spinosyns,Sitophilus oryzae Tribolium castaneum Co-toxicity Factor Potentiation Additive
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17241.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17241_2b1e874969d9f6e69a4b1fcd54ce9528.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Comparative Susceptibility of Tomato Leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) to Common Used Chemical Synthetic Pesticides and Biopesticides in Egypt.
81
89
EN
Tamer
A.
Mashtoly
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture,Ain Shams University,Cairo, Egypt
telmashtoly@agr.asu.edu.eg
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17242
Tomato plants are the most important vegetable crop grown in Egypt. Larvae of the tomato leafminer, <em>Tuta absoluta</em>, are the most important and destructive pest of tomato, capable of causing up to 100% of tomato yield loss in some regions. Effectiveness of chemical control of <em>T. absoluta</em> is limited due to the insect's nature of damage as well as its rapid capability to develop resistance to diverse insecticides. A few synthetic pesticides have shown relative impact in decreasing field populations. Susceptibilities of L2/L3 larvae of tomato leafminer were assessed to common used chemical synthetic pesticides such as Chlorfenapyr, Imidacloprid, Acetamiprid, Chlorantraniliprole, Indoxacarb and common used biopesticides such as Spinetoram, Abamectin, Emamectin benzoate and Milbemectin under controlled laboratory conditions using impregnated romaine lettuce leaves in leaf dipping technique. Results support that Larvae of <em>Tuta absoluta</em> were highly susceptible to Chlorantraniliprole followed by Chlorfenapyr. However, Moderate susceptibility were shown up toImidacloprid, Acetamiprid, Indoxacarb, Spinetoram and Milbemectin, but slight susceptibility were detected to Abamectin and Emamectin benzoate which showed low levels of activity at affordable concentrations.
Statistical analyses did not detect any significant differences at LC<sub>50</sub> level between Chlorantraniliprole and Chlorfenapyr as the highly effective ones, or between Spinetoram, Milbemectin as moderate effective biopesticides or among Indoxacarb, Imidacloprid and Acetamiprid as moderate efficient chemical synthetic pesticides. No significant differences were found between Abamectin and Emamectin benzoate as slightly efficient biopesticides.
However, significant differences were emphasized between both of them and other tested pesticides.
Tomato leafminer,Tuta absoluta,susceptibility,Efficiency,biopesticides,Chemical synthetic Pesticides
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17242.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17242_f027bcd6b2c7c09c6261ebe6826b237d.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Effectiveness of Selective Insecticides to Control Citrus Leafminer on Mandarin Trees.
91
97
EN
Gharib
A.
M.
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Wael
M.
Sameer
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Megahed
M.
M.
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Fouad
A. F.
Ali
Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17243
The efficacies of four insecticides Viz., imidacloprid (Confidor 20% OD), abamectin (Vertimec 1.8% E.C), a mineral oil (KZ oil 95% EC), and a mixture of Vertimec and KZ oil (1 : 10 V/V) to control the larvae of citrus leafminer (CLM) in mandarin orchard located in Sharkia Governorate during 2013 – 14 and 2014 – 15 were evaluated. Experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with four replicates (each contains 5 trees) for each chemical treatment. At each studied year, two foliar insecticidal sprays were applied on early September and late May. CLM larval mortality was recorded at 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 and 21 days after treatment (DAT). Results showed that, regardless the studied year and the time of insecticidal application, nearly complete reduction in number of CLM larvae compared to control was observed with all treatments 7 DAT. At 21 DAT, the insecticidal activities of all chemicals were declined. However, imidacloprid exhibited the highest residual activity. Mixing abamectin with KZ oil increased its insecticidal activity at all inspection times. Thus, Confidor and a mixture of Vertimec with KZ oil gave the higher foliar insecticidal activity and persistence against CLM infestation on mandarin trees.
citrus leafminer,mandarin,insecticide
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17243.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17243_0cc971bc88039967d7ae5a4c860e3e4c.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Thermal Requirments And Life Tables Of Dicrodiplosis manihoti (Diptera, cecidomyiidae) As A predator Of Phenacoccus parvus (hemiptera, pseudococcidae)
99
103
EN
Angel
R.
Attia
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, 12618, Egypt
Sahar
Ali
Attia
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, 12618, Egypt
Naglaa
M.
Youssef
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, 12618, Egypt
Mohamed
M.
Abou-Setta
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, 12618, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17244
The effect of three degrees of temperature (20, 25 and 30<sup>o</sup>C) and 55-60% RH, on biological aspects of <em>Dicrodiplosis manihoti</em> Harris as a predator of <em>Phenacoccus parvus</em> Morrison was studied. Temperature of 30<sup>o</sup>C was the most suitable one for either development or reproduction.
Developmental times over tested temperatures revealed negative relation with temperature increase while developmental rates were positive. Female total developmental time was 43.3, 27.42 and 22.22 days at 20, 25 and 30<sup>o</sup>C, respectively. Corresponding rates were 0.02, 0.04 and 0.05 per day at same temperatures. These rates were fitted to linear equation with R<sup>2</sup> = 0.98. Total thermal developmental requirement was 456.5 degree days over thermal threshold of 9.09<sup>o</sup>C. Male developmental times, rates and thermal requirement for development were very similar. Adults longevity was relatively short (i.e. less than 5 days). Oviposition duration was two days regardless tested temperature. Total female life cycle was 47.90, 30.68 and 24.44 days for females at tested temperatures. Corresponding values for male were 48.44, 30.5 and 24.54 days, respectively. Fecundity per female was 32.10, 35.15 and 49.50 eggs/female over tested temperatures during its longevity of 4.80, 3.26 and 2.22 days, respectively.
Life table parameters showed highest values of net reproductive rate (R<sub>o </sub>= 17.80), intrinsic rate of increase (r<sub>m </sub>= 0.12), finite rate of increase (exp. r<sub>m</sub> = 1.13) and the shortest mean generation time (23.92 days) at 30<sup>o</sup>C.
Temperature,thermal requirements,Development,Life tables,Dicrodiplosis manihoti,Phenacoccus parvus
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17244.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17244_ad5fc16dbd935e6a2275d709fc77b558.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Signs on The Persistence And Effectiveness of Some Novel Insecticides Against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) on Different Host Plants
105
113
EN
El-Zahi
S.
El-Zahi
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
zasaber951@yahoo.com
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17245
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The persistence of pyridalyl,<br />emamectin-benzoate, spinetoram, hexaflumuron, and chlorpyrifos on cotton (<em>Gossypium<br />barbadense</em>, var. Giza 86) and castor bean (<em>Ricinus communis</em>)<br />foliages under field conditions, via bio-determination of median lethal time<br />(Lt<sub>50</sub>) values, and their efficacy against the 4<sup>th</sup> instar<br />larvae of <em>Spodoptera littoralis</em> (Boisd.) laboratory strain were<br />investigated. The local and systemic activities and fastness against washing<br />with water of the tested insecticides on cotton and castor bean were studied as<br />well. Pyridalyl residues were significantly the most persistent on castor bean<br />and cotton plants with Lt<sub>50 </sub>values of 14.91 and 9.93 days,<br />respectively. On the contrary, spinetoram had the least persistent residues on<br />castor bean and cotton recording Lt<sub>50</sub> of 0.20 and 1.06 days,<br />respectively. With exception of pyridalyl, the tested insecticides were<br />significantly more persistent on cotton than on castor bean plants. Pyridalyl<br />and emamectin-benzoate proved to be the most effective against the 4<sup>th</sup><br />instar larvae of <em>S. littoralis</em> that fed on treated cotton plants. When<br />the larvae were fed on treated castor bean plants, pyridalyl and hexaflumuron<br />resulted in the superior percentages of larval mortality. The insecticides<br />implicated in this study did not demonstrate any appreciable systemic<br />activities in cotton or castor bean plants against the 4<sup>th</sup> instar<br />larvae of <em>S. littoralis</em>, although they possessed strong local<br />activities. The initial deposits of chlorpyrifos, pyridalyl, hexaflumuron, and<br />emamectin-benzoate were significantly more stable on sprayed castor bean plants<br />than on sprayed cotton plants versus elimination and washing with water. The<br />initial deposit of spinetoram was completely unstable on sprayed cotton or<br />castor bean plants. These results indicated that the kind of the treated host<br />plant is very effective factor in toxicological properties of the tested<br />insecticide and this could be useful in bio assay experiments design.</span>
Cotton,Castor bean,Spodoptera littoralis,Insecticides,persistence,Local and systemic activities,fastness
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17245.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17245_4e86ca3bf10a7b155bba51e0ad57c28d.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Using a Biological Control Method For Controlling Red Spider Mite
115
126
EN
Gamal
H.
Sewify
Department Of Economic Entomology And Pesticide Faculty Of Agriculture, Cairo University
Wafai
Z. A.
Mikhail
Department Of Natural Resources, Institute Of African Research & Studies Cairo University
Marguerite
A.
Rizk
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Dalia
M. A.
Hassan
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17246
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">The study revealed the pathogenicity of<br />entomopathogenic fungi </span><em><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Beauveria bassiana</span></em><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> (Balsamo) Vuillemin, </span><em><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-ansi-language: IT;" lang="IT">Metarhizium anisopliae</span></em><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN;" lang="EN"> (Metschnikoff)</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> against egg and adult stages of</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> red spider mite<em> Tetranychus urticae</em> (Koch)</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-ansi-language: EN;" lang="EN">.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><br />Results showed that <em>M. anisopliae</em>was more pathogenic against egg<br />stage than <em>B</em></span><em><span style="color: #000025; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">. bassiana</span></em><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">, while<em> B</em></span><em><span style="color: #000025; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">. bassiana</span></em><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> was more pathogenic against adult stage.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> The results of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)<br />described the development cycle of <em>B. bassiana</em> on <em>T. urticae</em></span><em><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-EG; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">.</span></em>
biological control,Red spider mite
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17246.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17246_1ec46b00bf4d1653a8f262ee61ba61b4.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Toxicological Sudies on Some Scale Insects Attacking Fig Trees in Egypt
127
133
EN
Mosaad
M.
Hassan
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Mohamed
M. M.
Abou Setta
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, 12618, Egypt
Reda
F. A.
Bakr
-Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
-Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and arts, Baisha University, Baisha, KSA
Mohamed
H.
Saafan
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, 12618, Egypt
Adel
Mohamed
Serag
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, 12618, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17247
The fig has been of great importance in the early history of people about the Mediterranean. The edible fig trees, <em>Ficus carica</em> L. are well spread over a large area at the northern coastal region of Egypt as well as in many other localities such as in Qalubiya and Faiyum governorates. Chemical control studies were carried out at Leqada, (El-Dabaa, Matrouh governorate). This locality is charactarized by no previous chemical control measures. Results obtained from the present study revealed that, all the tested materials showed high reduction percentage (%) in the <em>Hemiberlesia lataniae, Lepidosaphes ficus and Russellaspis pustulans</em> population; except malathion and geer after two and three months were less efficient materials. Plastic paint was the most effective material all over the time and gave the highest rate of reduction of scale insects populations compared to other treatments.
Organic constituents,Actaea hirsutissima,Sacculina ignorata
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17247.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17247_3100e57ed8be75f1a34f0efaa0350ab8.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Toxicity and Biochemical Studies on The Cotton Leaf-worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) From Some Governorates in Egypt.
135
144
EN
Mohamed
El-Shehaby
Department of Zoology, Al A Zhar University-branch-Assuit , Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17248
In order to investigate the comparative effectiveness of some insecticides including pyrethroids (Alpha cypermethrin and Fenvalerate) , organophosphates (Chlorpyriofos, Cyanophos and Profenofos ) and carbamates (Methomyl ) bioassay experiments were performed on the 4<sup>th</sup> larval instars of <em>Spodoptera littoralis</em>. Surveys or monitoring level of toxicity in some governorates of Egypt (Beheira, kalubia, Dakahlia, Fayum, Beni suef) and laboratory strains, were determined . According to LC<sub>50</sub> and LC<sub>90</sub> values the data revealed that pesticides were highly effective on laboratory strains The other strains or governorates populations tested with insecticides were less affected and behaved differently according to the strain location . Resistance ratios , analyzed protein of all governorate population tested by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and electrophoretic patterns of esterase isozyme during the larval stage were determined.
Spodoptera littoralis,Egyptian cotton leaf-worm
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17248.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17248_26845e7ba16057be55f7cb22a3c5bfbb.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Efficacy of Natural Compounds on The Pear Psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), The Olive Scale Insect, Parlatoria oleae (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and Their Natural Enemies in Pear Orchards in Egypt
145
152
EN
Nadia
Aly
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17249
Recently, the<br />pear psylla, <em>Cacopsylla<br />pyricola</em> (Förster) (Hemiptera : Psyllidae) and the olive scale insect, <em>Parlatoria oleae</em><br />(Colvee) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) are the most important pests on pear trees in<br />different locations in Egypt. The main purpose of this investigation is to<br />investigate the effect of some different natural control compounds on the pear psylla, the olive scale and their<br />natural enemies on pear trees in<br />Ismailia and Gharbia Governorates throughout May and October 2013-2014,<br />respectively. In the first season results indicated<br />that, ,the four compounds (Jojoba oil, <em>Peacilomyces<br />fumosoroseus, </em>Azadrachtin and<em> Verticellium lecanii</em>) gave moderate<br />toxic effect against <em>C. pyricola</em> population nymphs and its predator, <em>Orius laevigatus</em> (Fieber) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). Mineral oil and Sulphur compounds gave 78.6% and 74.9 % and 70.3 % and<br />66.9 %of <em>C. pyricola</em> populations nymphs and<br />its predator, <em>O. </em><em>laevigatus</em>, respectively. On the other hand, <em>Malathion</em> gave high efficacy against nymphs of <br /><em>C. pyricola</em> (88.0%) and its predator, O. <em>laevigatus</em> (82.5%). <br />In the second<br />season, the results indicated the same<br />trend to which obtained in the first year. While, in the first season, for <em>P. oleae</em><br />populations and its parasitoid, <em>Aphytis lingnanensis</em> Compere (Hymenoptera:Aphelinidae) the results indicated that, the above mentioned<br />gave moderate toxic effect . Mineral oil and Sulphur compounds gave 77.7 %<br />& 73.9% and 70.2 % and 66.2 %% of <em>P.<br />oleae</em> populations and its parasitoid, <em>A.</em> <em>lingnanensis</em>, respectively. While, <em>Malathion</em> gave high efficacy against <em>P.<br />oleae</em> populations (87.0%) and<br />its parasitoid, <em>A.</em><br /><em>lingnanensis</em><em> </em>(82.9%) . In the second<br />season, the results indicated that the<br />same trend to the first year. It could concluded<br />that treatments with Jojoba oil , <em>P. fumosoroseus,<br /></em>Azadrachtin and<em> V. lecanii</em><br />gave moderate effect of the pear psylla<br />and the olive scale and their natural enemies (parasitoid and predator), when<br />comparing with Mineral oil, Sulphur and Malathion. This conclusion will be help in integrated<br />pest management program of the two pests infested pear in Gharbia and Ismailia, Governorates.
Natural compounds,the pear psylla,Cacopsylla pyricola,Egypt
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17249.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17249_6f4ee73c9b018a99721d5ccfa02d49b6.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Toxicity and Biochemical Effects of Four Plant Essential Oils Against Cotton Leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd)
153
162
EN
Mona
K.
Elhadek
Resistance Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Aziza
H.
Mohamady
Bioassay Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
ziza_1972@yahoo.com
Reham
E.
Ali
Resistance Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17250
This study was undertaken to investigate the toxicity of four natural source essential oils (<em>Trigonella foenum graecu, Sesamum indica, Eucalyptus camaldulensis</em> and<em> Nigella sativa</em>) on 4<sup>th</sup> larval instar of <em>Spodoptera littoralis</em>. Biochemical changes in larvae induced by treatment with LC<sub>50</sub> of tested essential oils were also studied. Bioassay technique was performed using thin film to estimate LC<sub>25</sub>, LC<sub>50</sub> and LC<sub>90 </sub>values. Results showed that, <em>T. foenum graecu</em> was the most effective oil followed by <em>S. indica, E. camaldulensis</em> and finally <em>N. sativa</em><em>. </em>As regards to biochemical changes induced by treatment with LC<sub>50 </sub>of each oil. Remarkable reduction in acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) enzyme was recorded in <em>T. foenum graecu </em>and <em>N</em><em>. Sativa </em>treatments. However <em>E. camaldulensis</em> and <em>S. indica </em>induced significant elevation in glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) enzyme, while glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) reported significant elevation in all treatments. Remarkable reduction in total protein content was observed in<em> N.sativa </em>treatment. Whereas, treatment with <em>T. foenum graecum</em> oil induced significant increase in total protein content.
In conclusion, results indicated that the plant essential oils had insecticidal effect and also showed adverse effect on the tested biochemical parameters, suggesting the possibility of using them as an alternative to conventional insecticides for cotton leafworm control.
Plant essential oils,Spodoptera littoralis,toxicity,AChE,GOT,GPT,Total protein
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17250.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17250_97990a00f5f1b6891123a51ed285ac2a.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
New Approach Based on Nanotechnology in Baculovirus Protection
163
175
EN
A.
El-Helaly
Department of Economic Entomology and Pesticides, Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University, Giza,
W.
A. A.
Sayed
Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Abo-Zaabel, Egypt & Middle Eastern Regional Radioisotope Center for Arab Countries, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17251
Antioxidants proved decade ago to be promising protective additives to Baculoviruses against deleterious effect of UV in sunlight , Present semi field experiments’ tests the role of nano antioxidants in providing better protection for baculoviruses. The treatments with <em>Spodoptera littoralis</em> nuclear polyhedrosis virus (<em>Spli</em>MNPV), consisted of (Nano Aluminum Oxide with or without <em>Spli</em>MNPV LC<sub>90</sub>, and Nano Zinc Oxide with or without <em>Spli</em>MNPV LC<sub>90</sub>) at five different concentrations.100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm for different investigation periods of artificial UV source for maximum 5 then 10 hours in laboratory then 50 ml / squash plant with five replications, on which neonate larvae of <em>Spodoptera littoralis</em> were exposed daily. Larval mortality was recorded till the 15<sup>th</sup> day post application. Results are based on laboratory and leaf-bioassays to test Lethal Infectivity Time to 50% (LIT<sub>50</sub>) of population. The results showed that LIT<sub>50</sub> 82.759 hours and 52.500 hours for additive nano zinc oxide and nano aluminum oxide; respectively at 500 ppm concentration while it gave 14.482 with virus alone treatment and 100.788 hours with Cacao 5% as positive control, the mechanism of protection was studied through transmission electron microscope. The total antioxidants activity was determined using DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) antioxidant assay technique as a first record to use this technique at this type of investigations. The obtained result suggested the possible capability of nano antioxidants in prolonging the virus activity on plant foliage under small scale semi-field application besides it suggests to do DPPH antioxidant assay technique first in the future with any candidate before the bioassay due to its clear image about the antioxidants activity.
Nano aluminum oxide,Nano zinc,SpliMNPV,Spodoptera littoralis,squash plants,Electron Microscope
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17251.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17251_6ee9ca510e1c85952aa9f5ee72f93a64.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
7
1
2015
12
01
Insecticides Resistance in the Cotton Aphid, Aphis gossypii(Glover) in Egypt
177
186
EN
Mohamed
Elshehaby
Department of Zoology, Al AZhar University-branch -Assiut, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2015.17252
The cotton aphid, <em>Aphis gossypii</em> Glover (Hemiptera-Aphididae), is one of the most important sap sucking pests in many cotton-growing areas world-wide. In this study, the efficacies of eight insecticides organophosphate (Dimethoate, Malathion and Pirimiphos-methyl), carbamate (Pirmicarb and Methomyl), pyrethroid (Etofenprox, Lambda-cyhalothrin and Cypermethern) were determined against four strains of <em>A. gossypii</em> (Glover) collected from three Governorates in 2013 and four Governorates in 2014 (Sharkia, Gharbia, Behera and Fayum). Collected strains were bioassay and compared with a reference Laboratory strain.
Results indicated that the carbamate Pirmicarb and Methomyl were the most effective insecticides and recorded the least resistance levels and the highest toxic action when compared with the other tested organophosphates insecticides. A similar results were obtained in the case of the organophosphate (Dimethoate, Malathion and Pirimiphos-methyl), while pyrethroid insecticides were more resistance levels and least toxic action, also analyzed protein of all field strains tested by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and electrophoretic patterns of esterase isozyme during the adult stage were determined.
cotton aphid,Aphis gossypiiGlover,insecticides organophosphate,Carbamate,Pyrethroid
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17252.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17252_159b9446d6554299b23e218edca0ff7b.pdf