Safety and proper use of pesticides on orange fruits
Nagwa
Hassan
Plant Protection Res. Ins., Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza
author
Sawsan
Radwan
Plant Protection Res. Ins., Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza
author
text
article
2014
eng
The aim of this work is studying the correlationbetween applicable control of Parlatoriaziziphi (Lucas)and obtained healthy and high quality orange fruits. So, the objective of this research was organized through three parts, The first part was conducted in orange orchard atQalubyia Governorate to evaluate the pesticidal efficiency of four compounds representing three insecticidal groups (Neonicotinoid, Avermectin and Organophosphrus) to struggle P. ziziphi on orange trees and protect the crop from theinsect damage. The results published that Agriflex has the highest toxicity ofthe tested compound on P. ziziphi population and recorded 74.3% reduction,followed by Best (73% reduction), then Sunfidor (70.18% reduction) while Reldan came in the last order with69.7% reduction. Also the statistical analysis elucidate the time uphold theefficiency of the four tested compound and the highest percentages reduction ofP. ziziphi population after thirty days of application whencompared by the other intervals. The second part: to determine the residues ofthe tested pesticides in orange fruits through initial time (zero time) andfinal time (at harvest). The results showed that the values of initial depositsof all tested insecticides were surpassed the maximum residue limits (MRL)while no residues of pesticides detected at harvest time (after 20 days ofapplication).The third part: to examine the effect of the tested insecticideson quality orange fruit. Results obtained showed that all tested insecticidesdecreased the total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (Ta),Ascorbic acid and total sugar without significant differences except Best whichincrease the total sugar than untreated fruits while all tested insecticidesexhibited non-significant increase on relative sweetness of orange fruits thanuntreated except Agriflex. The ratable data showed that all tested pesticides exhibited satisfied effect against P. ziziphiranged from 69.73 to 74.31% reduction. They are safe at harvest interval 20days after treatment. Also, they showed insignificant effect on orange fruitsquality. It could be recommended Best 25% WP as it caused increase in totalsugar in orange fruits, than un-treated; also fruits had the highest value oftotal soluble solids and acidity than other pesticides.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0791
6
v.
1
no.
2014
1
9
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17253_d49de8cdaa0d823f00d4fca1d2585403.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsf.2014.17253
Molluscicidal effect of some plant extracts against two land snail species, Monacha obstructa and Eobania vermiculata
Mourad
A.
Plant protection Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2014
eng
The molluscicidal effects of five ethanoliccrude extracts, Cumin (Cuminum cyminum), Golden shower (Cassiafistula), Umbrella tree (Melia azedarach), Olive (Olea europaea)and pomegranate (Punica granatum) were evaluated against two land snailspecies, Monacha obstructa and Eobania vermiculata, underlaboratory conditions. Three methods of bioassay were used, i.e. contact,leaf-dipping and bait techniques. The results indicated that the ethanol crudeextract of Cumin was the most toxic extract for the two tested land snailspecies followed by Golden shower, Umbrella tree and pomegranate extracts whileOlive extract had the lowest effect. The land snail, E. vermiculata wascomparatively less susceptible to the tested plant extracts than the landsnail, M. obstructa. Results showed that, contact technique of thetested plant extracts was the most effective method of application. The LC50values of Cumin, Golden shower, Umbrella tree, Olive and Pomegranate extractswhen applied as contact were 250, 325, 635, 1500 and 910 ppm for M.obstructa and 288, 380, 682, 1720 and 965 ppm for E. vermiculata,respectively.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0791
6
v.
1
no.
2014
11
16
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17254_a1f7b37f16050c86568e736d25b82275.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsf.2014.17254
Effect of certain pesticides alternative against Sesamia cretica (led.) And Ostrinia nubilalis (hub). In maize fields. Beni- Suef Governorate.
Mohamed
M.
Plant Protection Res. Institute, ARC, Doki, Egypt
author
Azouz
A.
Plant Protection Res. Institute, ARC, Doki, Egypt
author
Wahba
A
Plant Protection Res. Institute, ARC, Doki, Egypt
author
text
article
2014
eng
Two experiments were conducted in maize fields in Beni Suef Governorate to evaluate some insecticides alternatives to control the pink stem borer, Sesamia cretica and European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis at an early planting date during April and late planting date at the end of May.
The results showed , The plant extract Tagetes oil was the most effective against the pink corn borer, followed by the algal metabolite C (the algal metabolites of Chlorella vulgaris) as a compared with the stander biocide Spintor 24% . The average percentage reduction of perforated leaf plants and dead heart plants were (86.53 & 79.50), (61.95 & 54.23) and (89.56& 91.07 %) for early planting date and were (81.11 & 78.33), (46.67& 63.33) and (86.67 & 80.71 %) for late planting date, respectively.
Concerning on the efficiency of these treatments on the infestation of European corn borer, O. nubilalis. The plant extract Tagetes oil was the most effective followed by the algal metabolite C as a compared with the stander biocide Spintor 24%. The seasonal average percentage reduction of tunnel holes and diapouse larvae were (69.66 & 55.26), (49.48 & 34.82) compared with (76.34 & 67.76 %) for stander biocide Spintor 24% and were (73.47 & 53.90), (52.68 & 41.74) compared with (76.59 & 63.15 %) for stander biocide Spintor 24% at an early and late planting date, respectively.
The algal metabolite A (the algal metabolites of Apanocapsa pulchra) was the least effective against S. cretica and O. nubilalis followed by B (the algal metabolites of Aphanocapsa elachista) as a compared with the stander biocide Spintor 24%.
On the other hand, the effect of these treatments on the actual yield were studied. The plant extract Tagetes oil and the stander biocide Spintor 24% gave the highest grain yield of maize in the early and late plantations. The average actual yield were (19.28, 16.89) and (22.19, 17.74) ardab / feddan indicating an increase of (33.27, 39.27%) and (42.02, 42.18 %) than control for early and late planting date, respectively.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0791
6
v.
1
no.
2014
17
24
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17255_2461df8f9ae9b5c5964f9f12a5d0946a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsf.2014.17255
Comprehensive Assessment Of Two Compounds And Spraying Equipment For Controlling Citrus Brown Mite Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein) ( Acari : Tetranychidae ) On Citrus Trees At Qalubia Province
Halawa,
M.
Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC). Dokki; Giza; Egypt
author
Tarek
Abd-El Rahman
Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center (ARC). Dokki; Giza; Egypt.
author
Rehab
Dar
Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC). Dokki; Giza; Egypt
author
Nabila
Hiekel
Plant Protection Research Institute (PPRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC). Dokki; Giza; Egypt
author
text
article
2014
eng
In the present paper three factors were assessed in controlling citrus brown mite Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein) on citrus trees namely: Efficiency of two Acaricides (Biomectin 5% EC as biocide and Dember 55%SC as chemical compound) ; efficiency of two types of sprayers (Knapsack motor sprayer Arimitsu (740 L. /Fed.) and conventional motor sprayer Wisconson (1200 L. /Fed.) ; efficiency of analytical method for the residue analysis of a novel Acaricide Biomectin 5% EC and its dissipation in the citrus fruits. The obtained results reported that, Dember 55%SC was most effective than Biomectin 5% EC by using spraying methods mentioned above, the reduction percentages were, 92.17 % and 90.56 % for Dember 55%SC by using Knapsack motor sprayer Arimitsu (740 L. /Fed.) and conventional motor sprayer Wisconson (1200 L. /Fed.), respectively, while the acaricides Biomectin 5% EC gaves reduction percentages, 88.31 % and 84.41 % by using Knapsack motor sprayer Arimitsu (740 L. /Fed.) and conventional motor sprayer Wisconson (1200 L. /Fed.), respectively. A satisfactory coverage was obtained on citrus trees and ground spray holders. The spectrum of droplets ranging between 111-177 microns (VMD). With sufficient number ranging from 54-224 N/cm².
Abamectin residues were extracted from orange samples and the extract was cleaned up according to QuEChERS method and determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with photo diode array detector (HPLC–DAD). The dissipation half-life time and the pre harvest interval (PHI) of abamectin residues in orange were 2.66 and 14.02 days, respectively in the case of Knapsack motor sprayer Arimitsu . Whole in the case of conventional motor sprayer Wisconson were 4.85 and 14.1 days, respectively. These results, pointed to that the first method of spraying (Knapsack motor sprayer Arimitsu (740 L. /Fed.)) was more effective than the other method (conventional motor sprayer Wisconson (1200 L. /Fed.)
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0791
6
v.
1
no.
2014
25
33
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17256_7fc3f63ec769ee2dc3ed09d76d5197a8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsf.2014.17256
Using of Trichogramma evanescens west (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) for controlling Arenipses sabella hmpson and Batrachedra amydraula meyrick in the date palm fields at the new valley-Egypt
Gameel
M.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
Ewais
A.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
Sayed
A.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2014
eng
Five years of field trials were conducted to investigate the efficacy of releasing the egg parasitoid, Trichogramma evanescens West. (Hym. Trichogrammatidae) on controlling Arenipses sabella Hmpson and Batrachedra amydraulaMeyrick(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)at El-Kharga Oasis, New Valley, Egypt. Five farms of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) represented about 30Km were used during this study from 2009 to 2013.
Release of T. evanescens for one time (beginning of May) by the rate of ten releasing envelopes (20,000 parasitized eggs/feddan) induced a remarkable reduction in the infestation levels with the greater date moth and the lesser date.
In the case of A. sabella as a result of Trichogramma parasitoid releasing, the reduction increased after the successive parasitoid releasing to reach the maximum level (72.78%) in 2013 season. Generally, the reduction rate of the infestation of the pest ranged between 59.41 and 77.38% with an average of 70.26% in the all experimental locations. The rate of damaged bunches, as a result of infestation with the greater date moth, decreased from 42.86% at control to 12.36% at the Trichogramma parasitoid releasing locations.
Concerning to B. amydraula, the reduction increased after the successive parasitoid releasing to reach the high level (75.06%) in 2013 season. In general, the reduction rate of the infestation with the leaser date moth ranged between 72.49 and 75.97% with an average of 73.74% in the all experimental locations.
The rate of date fruit falling, as a result of infestation with B. amydraula, decreased from 7.22% at control at the 2.00% as a result of Trichogramma parasitoid releasing locations.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0791
6
v.
1
no.
2014
35
41
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17257_2922e5701ef60441c78180f9327a74bc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsf.2014.17257
Drenching Efficacy of Imidacloprid and Thiamethoxam against Dubas Bug, Ommatissus lybicus (Hem: Tropiduchidae)
R.
Arbabtafti
Department of Agricultural Entomology Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Yaman Avenue, Chamran Highway, Tehran, Iran
author
A.
Sheikhigarjan
Department of Agricultural Entomology Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Yaman Avenue, Chamran Highway, Tehran, Iran
author
A.
Gharalari
Department of Agricultural Entomology Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Yaman Avenue, Chamran Highway, Tehran, Iran
author
R.
Damghani
Bam Agricultural Research Center, Research Center of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Kerman Province, Iran.
author
M.
Tajbakhsh
Department of Pesticide Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Yaman Avenue, Chamran Highway, Tehran, Iran
author
K.
Arab Jafari
Karaj Plant Protection Laboratory, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Yaman Avenue, Chamran Highway, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2014
eng
Dubas bug, Ommatissus lybicus, is one ofthe key pests of date palmsin Iran. Chemicalcontrol is the most conventional control method of this dangerous pest. The aimof this investigation was to compare efficacy, advantages and disadvantages ofdrenching, and foliage spraying of chemical control. The study was conducted ina Randomized Complete Block Design with 10 treatments and 3 replications(trees) in a completely infested date palm grove. Treatments includedimidacloprid SC350 (Confidor®) and thiamethoxam WG250 (Actara®) by foliar spraying(4 g/tree) and by drenching method (10, 20, 80, and 100 g/tree), diazinon EC600(40 ml/tree) as recommended insecticide by foliar spraying and then the check(without treatment). The nymph population and number of honeydew drops wererecorded one day before and 7, 14, and 120 days after treatment. Insecticideresidue of date palm and cost-benefit ratio were calculated. The results showedthat all foliage application treatments had more efficacy compared to drenchingtreatments at 1 and 2 weeks after spraying but at 120 days after drenching, thiamethoxam(80 g/L) and imidacloprid (100 g/L) had 100% efficacy, while the efficacies ofthiamethoxam, imidacloprid, and diazinon foliar spraying was zero. The residueof date fruit treated by high doses of drenching was not detectable. Thehighest cost-benefit ratio belongs to imidacloprid foliage spraying (24.86)followed by imidacloprid drenching (15.67). The lowest ratio belongs tothiamethoxam drenching (3.12). Comparison of different concentrations ofneonicotinoid drenching revealed that high concentration of thiamethoxam andimidacloprid was more than two times effective.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0791
6
v.
1
no.
2014
43
52
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17258_ea621350aa01ab073e2d250212f52b70.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsf.2014.17258
Impact of some factors on the migration rate and the dispersal of entomopathogenic nematodes
Azazy
M.
Department of Pest Physiology, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
author
Saheir
El-Lakwah
Department of Pest Physiology, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
author
Heba
Al-ghnam
Department of Pest Physiology, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2014
eng
The migration and the dispersal of fiveentomopathogenic nematode infective stages had been studied in column of sandysoil under laboratorycondition. It was found that it differ according to somefactors, these factors included comparison between theeffect presence or absence of the insect host Gallaria mellonella and Spodopteralittoralis, insect feces, the nematicide (Nemacur), and host species. The nematicides improved migration and average netdistance of all tested nematode strains, except the Steinernema glaseristrain, with which a remarkable inhibition in its mobility, was obviously,observed. Feces of S. littoralis increased the migration rate and thedispersal than the host itself. Most nematode strains were attracted to S.littoralis more than to G. mellonella larvae.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0791
6
v.
1
no.
2014
53
63
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17259_be8e0d7c7789d0b1a8437013e7557415.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsf.2014.17259
Evaluation the effectiveness of orange oil for controlling cowpea seed beetle Callosobruchus maculates (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
Albandari
Al Yousef
Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princes Nora University, Riyadh, K.S.A
author
text
article
2014
eng
The cowpea seed beetle Callosobruchus maculates (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is considered one of the most important pests attacking various cowpeas species in stores, causing serious damage and great loss of the crop.
The present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the orange oil against the adults of this pest under laboratory conditions. Experiments were carried out using four concentrations of orange oil (5, 2.5, 1.25 and 0.12 mg/l).The obtained results showed that, the tested concentrations were highly effective against the adults cowpea seed beetle, and there is a positive relationship between the concentration of the oil and the percentage of mortality of the adults. Data show very high mortality rates at all concentrations after 6 days from treatment. The mortality percentage reached 50% and 80% after 3 and 6 days from treatment, at the highest concentration (5mg /L.), respectively.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0791
6
v.
1
no.
2014
65
71
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17260_ae8e61b69381a1f8afd07f9e6f17e801.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsf.2014.17260
Biodiversity and enzymatic profile of some entomopathogenic fungi
Sahar
Ali
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
Ahmad
Moharram
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt
author
text
article
2014
eng
Five fungal isolates belonging to theentomopathogenic fungi where had isolated inBio-insecticide Production Unit, Plant Protection Research Institute , two isolatesof Beauveriabassiana,two isolatesof Lecanicillium antillanum andone of Paecilomyces lilacinus, in addition to one isolate of Rhizopusstolonifer That grows with Lecanicillium antillanum inMycoparasitism relationship.The isolatedfungi wererecovered from Egyptian soil and from larvae of Spodopteralittoralis which found infected in a sugar beet field. Theseisolates were identified by conventional techniques in Mycological Center,Faculty of Science, Assiut University. Among these fungal species L. antillanumis a new record in Egypt. In addition, the activities of proteases, lipases,amylases and L-asparaginase of isolates fungi were recorded. The results showedthat, all isolates were active producers of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0791
6
v.
1
no.
2014
73
80
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17261_e6770c36f359e5be433238bcb0bada1a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsf.2014.17261
Monitoring of resistance to biocides against cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) during 2012 to 2014 cotton seasons in Egypt
Omayma
Mostafa
Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
Sherifa
El-Sherif
Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
author
Mona
El-hedek
Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
author
text
article
2014
eng
Field strains of the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) were collected from three Governorates (Gharbya, Kafr El-Sheikh and Behera) during 2012, 2013 and 2014 cotton seasons for monitoring of its resistance to tested biocides.
The results indicate that resistance ratios RR and RC fluctuated from one year to another and from Governorate to another. During three cotton seasons the tested Bt (Dipel 2x, Dipel DF, Agerine and Protecto) showed high levels of resistance in all Governorates during 2014 cotton season which (RC) reached (13.93, 9.23 and 15.04), (9.24, 10.55 and 17.93), (6.01, 8.12 and 14.48) and (6.95, 7.08 and 8.34) in Behera, Gharbya and Kafr El-Sheikh respectively. Also, RC for Radiant compound reached to (14.07, 11.58 and 22.05) in the same Governorates. While Radical recorded medium levels of resistance (2.16, 2.29 and 4.07) and Spintor had low levels of resistance (1.21, 1.73 and 1.66) to the same field strains during cotton season 2014.
The previous results suggest that Biocides Radical and Spintor may be recommended as an effective component of the future IPM programs against Spodoptera littoralis on cotton fields.
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
2090-0791
6
v.
1
no.
2014
81
87
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17262_edae3c072c63c1d2bf469c172ec0f808.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/eajbsf.2014.17262