Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-079111220190601Risk Assessment of Recommended Pesticides in Non-Target Organisms In Egyptian Agro-Ecosystems193399210.21608/eajbsf.2019.33992ENEl-Heneidy A.H.Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, EgyptA. A.KhidrPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, EgyptF. M.FahimPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, EgyptA. A.TamanPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20190505Despite many advantages of pesticides, there are potential hazards or risks when using farm chemicals. These risks may be associated with all chemicals, whether they are industrial chemicals, pesticides, household products or even natural chemicals found in the environment. Undesirable side effects of the agro-chemicals uses usually stem from a lack of understanding of their risks for the environment. Some of these effects are: 1) reduction of beneficial species including; predators, parasitoids and pathogens of pests, as well pollinators, 2) residues in food for humans and feed for livestock can be a consequence of direct application of a chemical to the food sources, by the presence of pollutants in the environment or by transfer and bio-magnification of the chemical along a food chain, 3) resistance to a the pesticide used that developed in target and non-target pests due to overuse of the chemicals, and 4) soil and groundwater contamination by leached chemicals. The study aimed to assess the side effects of various recommended chemical pesticides by the Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture on non-target organisms in different Egyptian agricultural ecosystems. Throughout a period of (42 months, May 2013 – Jan. 2017), 190 field trials were conducted, in 14 locations (4 Governorates), in 15 crops, using 71 pesticides, on 20 target pests, 9 non-target pests and 5 non-target predatory species. The direct count technique was practiced for data collection. The majority of the recommended pesticides tested, demonstrated different population reduction percentages, reaching 85.8 and 94.60% for non-target pests and predators, respectively.Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-079111220190601Applications of Inherited Sterility and Trichogramma evanescens to Control Oases Date Moth, Ephestia calidella.11203399410.21608/eajbsf.2019.33994ENMikhaiel A.A.Biological Applications Nuclear Dep. Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, EgyptHassan R.S.Biological Applications Dept., Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Abozaabal, EgyptAbul Fadl H.A.A.Biological Control Researches Dep., Plant Protection Research Institute, ARC, EgyptJournal Article20190506Studies were conducted to appraise the effect of sub-sterilizing doses of gamma irradiation (125 and175 Gy) and egg parasitoid <em>Trichogramma </em><em>evanescens</em>on different egg ages (1,2 and3day) of <em>Ephestia calidella</em>resulting from irradiated full grow pupae male with two sub sterilizing doses(125 and175 Gy)<em>.</em>The results revealed the first generation (F<sub>1</sub>) moths were more sterility than parent (P<sub>1</sub>) moths in the two doses applied. While their duction of hatching egg percentage in the F<sub>1</sub> males was higher than in the F1 females in the two tested doses. Moreover, at the dose of 125 Gy, the percentages of hatched eggs were 27.7 and 33.3% in the F<sub>1</sub> males and F<sub>1</sub> females, respectively and decreased to 12.7and 20%in the F<sub>1</sub> males and F<sub>1</sub> females, respectively in the case of 175Gy. The percentage of parasitism on <em>E. calidella</em> eggs by <em>T. evanescens</em> was significantly influenced by the dose of radiation given to male parents and age of host eggs.Also, the highest rate of parasitoid eggs was occurred at 24h, while, the lowest rate was recorded at 72h old in descended of both irradiated and non -irradiated parents.Female-biased sex ratios were observed at all treatments in whether parental or F<sub>1</sub> generation..The data indicated that the host eggs of the F<sub>1</sub> generation of irradiated<em>E. Calidella </em>was less effective for parasitization by <em>T. evanescens</em> females than the host eggs descendant of the parents and the control treatments. These results could lead to maximize the integrated <em>E. calidella</em> control with gamma irradiation and <em>T. evanescens </em>parasitism.Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-079111220190601Impact of Five Herbicides on the Peach Fruit Fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders)21253622810.21608/eajbsf.2019.36228ENHosam M.K.H.. El-GepalyBio control Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research CenterIbrahim A.,El-ShamiBio control Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research CenterJournal Article20190507<span lang="EN-GB">A study was carried out to evaluate the side effects offive </span><span lang="EN-GB">herbicides against the peach fruit fly (P.F.F.) <em>Bactrocera zonata,</em> These were; Baron 48% SL, Paraquat Dichloride, Mambatm Max 480 SL Fluazilfop-p-butyl, and Glycine-isopropyl Ammonium, and</span><span lang="EN-GB"> the herbicides were applied to the soil of citrus orchards to weeds control, </span><span lang="EN-GB">laboratory Results revealed that Mambatm max 480 SL and Paraquat Dichloride 48% SL formulations had the highest mean mortality percentages on <em>B. zonata</em> pupae which were 59.52% and 47.62 respectively. It can be concluded that it is visible to devise some herbicides regime (i.e.; Paraquat Dichloride and Mambatm max) that would be included in citrus agro-eco system to control of citrus pests.</span>Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-079111220190601Laboratory Studies on the Efficacy of Olea europaea Plant Extract and Gamma Irradiation on Larvae of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)27354137910.21608/eajbsf.2019.41379ENEl-Shewy A.M.Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, EgyptAmany R.MorsyPlant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, EgyptElgizawy K.KHPlant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, EgyptJournal Article20190509The present investigation was undertaken to study the effectiveness of <em>Oleaeuropaea</em>leaves extract and gamma irradiation against the greater wax moth, <em>Galleria mellonella</em> larvae. Acetone <em>Olea europaea</em>leaves extractwas prepared at (2, 1, 0.5, 0.25and 0.125%) to be examined for their efficacy against the 4<sup>th</sup> instar larvae. The effects of 5 different doses of gamma irradiation (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 GY) was also assayed on the biology of greater wax moth, <em>G. mellonella</em>. Results revealed that larval mortality of <em>G. mellonella</em> reached (8.2%) and (57.3%) after1&10 days from treatment, with the lowest concentration of 0.125%. While, the highest concentration 2 % caused (31.0%) and (100 %) larval mortality after1&10 days post-treatment forplant extract. All doses of gamma irradiation prolonged the larval period and reduced both pupation and percentage of adult emergence. The number of eggs laid was decreased by increasing the irradiation doses at all treatments. The insects failed to lay any eggs especially, in the treatments (treated male × treated female) and (normal male × treated female) with doses 200 and 250 GY, respectively.Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-079111220190601Toxicological and Biochemical Effects of Lufenuron and Rice Bran on Desert Locust, Schistocerca gregaria (Forskal) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)37584151410.21608/eajbsf.2019.41514ENNoura M.MahdyPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, EgyptMona I.MohammedDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptMohamed A.AbdouDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptShimaa S.AhmedDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptNaji S.BadawyPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20190519 <br /> Lufenuron (chitin synthesis inhibitors) and <em>Oryza sativa </em>bran extract (waste product) exhibited insecticidal activity on females of <em>Schistocerca gregaria</em> when they were treated as one day old of the 5<sup>th</sup> nymphal instar with different concentrations of tested compounds. Some biological aspects, failure of ecdysis to adults, adult mortality, prolongation in the age of last nymphs and developmental events were investigated after treatment.<br /> Quantitative and qualitative determination of protein and DNA contents were investigated in normal and affected eggs which resulted from females <em>Schistocerca gregaria</em> treated as one day old 5<sup>th</sup> nymphal instarwith LC<sub>50 </sub>ofLufenuron and <em>Oryza sativa </em>bran extract during embryogenesis. The total protein content of normal eggs at 0-day old, was 81.07 mg protein/gm eggs, after one day of oviposition the total protein increase significantly (p<0.05). Then the protein content, during the early incubation period, to the 4<sup>th </sup>day post oviposition (pop) significantly (p<0.05) declined sharply to 38.74mg protein / gm eggs. While in the 7<sup>th</sup>, 11<sup>th </sup>&12<sup>th</sup> it was decreased significantly (p<0.05) during the late organogenesis stage. The treatment resulted a significant decrease in the total protein of rice bran extract affected eggs compared with the control at (1, 11& 12) days old eggs, and a significant increase at 0 and 4 days pop compared with control. Treatment with Lufenuron resulted a significant decrease of total protein in (0, 1 & 12) days old eggs compared with the control but there were no significant increase at 4, 7 and 11 old eggs. A total of (10 -12) protein bands were separated by electrophoresis during normal embryogenesis of <em>Schistocerca gregaria</em>. Fraction protein of affectedeggs with LC<sub>50 </sub>of Lufenuron and rice bran extract resulted a separation of (10 – 14) and (11- 14) protein bands with molecular weights from 12 to 325 KDa. Data recorded significant differences between DNA content of normal and the affected <em>Schistocerc</em><em>a gregaria </em>eggs throughout embryogenesis (0-12 days) post-ovipositionEgyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-079111220190701Biological Control of Aphis gossypii Glover on Cucumber Plants by Release Coccinella septempunctata L. under Glasshouse Conditions59684301310.21608/eajbsf.2019.43013ENMarwa A. M.Abd-AllahPlant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C., Dokki, Giza, EgyptEmam A.S.Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C., Dokki, Giza, EgyptSobhy Abd El-ZaherMahmoudPlant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C., Dokki, Giza, EgyptAtef AnAbd El-RahmanPests and Plant Protection Department, National Research Center, Dokki, EgyptJournal Article20190529 This study was carried out to evaluate the management of <em>Aphis gossypii</em> Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) which infesting cucumber plants var. <em>Cucumis sativus</em> L.by releasing different levels of the seven spotted lady beetle, <em>Coccinella septempunctata</em> L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). This study was carried out at two locations (Governorates), Perkash (Giza Governorate) and Tokh (Qaluobiya Governorate) during successive season 2018 under glasshouse conditions. <em> </em><br /> At Giza Governorate, in the first level of release (30 eggs/plant), the reduction percentages in the population of <em>A. gossypii</em> increased gradually whereas it was 23.2, 35.3, 48.5, 57.4 and 68.2% on mid-February, first-March, mid-March, first-April and mid-April, respectively. Also, in the second level of release (60 eggs/plant). The reduction percentages in the population increased gradually whereas it was 21.9, 38.2, 47.5, 58.3 and 67.7% on the same dates respectively. Lastly, the third level of release (90 eggs/plant) the reduction percentages in the population increased gradually whereas it was 23.5, 36.3, 48.2, 63.5 and 74.4% on the same dates, respectively. The same trend was achieved at Qaluobiya Governorate.<br /> From obtained results. we can recommend using <em>C</em>. <em>septempunctata</em> as one of the important methods of biological control of <em>A. gossypi</em><em>i</em> on cucumber plants.Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-079111220190601Pathogenic and Lethal Effects of Some Entomopathogenic Nematodes Species against the Greater Wax Moth, Galleria mellonella, (L.) Larvae (Lepidoptera: Galleridae )69834359110.21608/eajbsf.2019.43591ENShoukry I.F.Faculty of Science, Zagazig UniversityAhmed F.A.Faculty of Science, Zagazig UniversityKhater K.S.Faculty of Science, Zagazig UniversityEl-Lakwah S.F.Plant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, EgyptAbd-Elmonem H.M.Plant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20190601<span>Laboratory experiments were performed to evaluate the pathogenic and lethal effects of the genera entomopathogenic nematodes, (EPNs) (<em>Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar</em> HP88) and Sc (<em>Steinernema</em> <em>carpocapsae </em>All strains,</span><em><span> (Steinernema carpocapsae, Steinernema. scapterisi</span></em><span> and <em>Steinernema. glaseri</em></span><strong><span>) </span></strong><span>on greater wax moth larvae,</span><em><span> Galleria </span><span>mellonella</span></em><span>,</span><span> at the three concentrations; 20IJs, 50IJs and100IJs (</span><span>infective juveniles) </span><span>after different times, 6, 12, 24 and 48hrs of exposure times.</span><span> The</span><span> mortality percentage of EPNs was</span><span> determined on <em>G.mellonella </em>larvaefor each concentration. It was found that the infectivity of nematode strains against <em>G. mellonella </em>larvae was concentration-dependent; i.e. the mortality percentage increased as the infective juvenile concentrations increased. The </span><span>mortality percentages among <em>G. mellonella</em> larvae after 48hrs post-treatment by all EPNs strains were highly significant increased at 100</span><span> IJs/L</span><span> for each concentration. </span><span>The treatments at 20 IJ/L noticed that, LT<sub>25</sub> was 10.17hrs for </span><em><span>G. mellonella</span></em><span> larvae</span><span> treated with <em>S. carpocapsae </em>after48hrs post-treatment.Also<em>, </em>results indicated <em>S. glaseri</em> gave the highest mortality rate for the tested larvae reached to 96.66 %, followed by <em>S. carpocapsae</em> achieved 96.16%, but the <em>H. bacteriophora</em> HP88 recorded 84.24 % mortality after four times of exposure. Meanwhile at 50IJ/L data cleared that, LT<sub>25</sub> value was 7.36hrs for </span><em><span>G. mellonella</span></em><span> larvae</span><span> treated with <em>S. carpocapsae</em> </span><span>while <em>S. carpocapsae </em> treatment gave the highest significant mortality for the tested larvae reached to 94.45 % followed by 94.25% for <em>S. glaseri</em>, but <em>H. bacteriophora</em> recorded 86.01 % mortality. </span><span>The results of the study noticed that, LT<sub>25</sub> value was 3.26hrs for </span><em><span>G. mellonella</span></em><span> larvae</span><span> treated with<em> S. scapterisi</em> </span><span>also showed that <em>S. carpocapsae</em> treatment gave the highest significant mortality for the tested </span><span>wax moth larvae recorded 98.18 % followed by <em>S. glaseri</em> achieved 98.09% and the <em>H. bacteriophora</em> recorded 92.77 % mortality at 100IJ/L after 48hrs of treatments. Also, data showed a strong </span><span>coefficient correlation </span><span>between the tested</span><span>ENPs against<em> G. mellonella </em>larvae.</span><span> Also, there were inverse relationship between the times of infection and concentrations. Our results suggest that <em>H. bacteriophora, </em></span><em><span>S. carpocapsae</span></em><span>, </span><em><span>S. scapterisi</span></em><span> and <em>S. glaseri </em>can be used as valuable tools in biological control programs oflast instar larvae of<em> G. mellonella</em>.</span>Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-079111220190601Insecticidal and Growth Inhibition Activity of Some Medical Plants against Cotton Leaf Worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd).85964481810.21608/eajbsf.2019.44818ENEl-Naggar S. E.M.Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority,EgyptHazaa M. A.M.Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority,EgyptHassan R.S.Biological Applications Dept., Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Abozaabal, EgyptMehany A.L.Plant Protection Depr. Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority,EgyptJournal Article20190606 This paper presents the results of phytochemical screening of plant extracts obtained from <em>taxodium, erythrine, melaleuca, and terminalia </em>plant species for chronic toxicity and larval growth inhibition in the cotton leaf worm, <em>Spodoptera</em> <em>littoralis</em>. the photochemical screening of the tested plants investigated that carbohydrate was identified as the major compound in <em> Taxodium distichum </em><em>, Terminalia arjuna</em> , <em>Melaleuca cajuput</em> while flavonoids, flavonoid glcosides ,flavonols, Chalcones, tannins, sterols and/or triterpenes and alkaloids or nitrogenouswere found to be the second main compounds in<em> Taxodium distichum </em>but the second main compounds <em>in Terminalia arjuna and Melaleuca cajuput</em> were flavonoids,flavonols, tannins ,sterols and/or triterpenes and alkaloids or nitrogenous. On the other hand,<em> Terminalia arjuna</em> was rich with saponins. The insecticidal properties of the tested plants extract each in ethanol and chloroform was evaluated at the concentrations of (10 to 0.625%). There was a positive correlation between the concentration and the percentage of larval mortality and malformed pupae and adult. All the concentrations showed significant differences in mortality of <em>Spodoptera</em> <em>littoralis </em>as compared to control<em>. </em>The reduction in F<sub>1 </sub>progeny, elongation of the larval duration, and pupal period at any of the tested concentrations were noticed. There was a moderate gradient reduction in the pupation percentage of the different treatments compared with control treatment. Moderate fluctuation observed among sex ratio. Percentage of adult emergence and growth was inhibited with increasing the concentrations as observed in four plant extracts compared to control.Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-079111220190601Toxicity and Disruptive Impacts of the Honeybee Apitoxin on Growth and Development of The Greater Wax Moth, Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).971064553710.21608/eajbsf.2019.45537ENGhoneimKDepartment of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptHamadahKhDepartment of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptTananiM.Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptAbdel-KhaliqADepartment of Economic Entomology, Desert Research Center, Cairo, EgyptEmamD.Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20190803The greater wax moth, or honeycomb moth, <em>Galleria mellonella</em> L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is widely distributed throughout the world. It is an economically important pest of wax combs of the honey bee. The present study was conducted aiming at the evaluation of toxicity and disruptive impacts of Apitoxin on growth, development and metamorphosis of this pest. The newly moulted 3<sup>rd</sup> instar larvae were fed on artificial diet treated with a series of Apitoxin concentrations (4000, 2000, 1000, 500, 250, 125 ppm). The present results can be summarized as follows. Apitoxin exhibited a dose-dependent toxicity on larvae except at the lowest concentration. The developed pupae suffered a toxic action of the tested product, in a dose-dependent course, except at the lower two concentrations. LC<sub>50</sub> value was calculated in 956.16 ppm. The somatic weight gain and growth rate had been slightly reduced while the larval duration was considerably shortened, in a dose-dependent course. The developmental rate of larvae indicated an enhancing action of Apitoxin, since the treated larvae developed in a faster rate than control congeners. The pupal duration was slightly or remarkably shortened, depending on the concentration. The developed pupae from treated larvae lost more body water than control pupae. The tested product failed to affect metamorphosis and morphogenesis programs, but the pupation rate was regressed in a dose-dependent course. Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-079111220190601The Toxic Effect of Magnetic and Non- Magnetic Cinnamic Essential Oil against the Cotton Leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis1071125218310.21608/eajbsf.2019.52183ENEman A.ShehataPlant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, EgyptInas M. Y.MostafaPlant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, EgyptWessam Z.AzizPlant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, EgyptGhada E.Abd- AllahPlant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20190808In lab-experiment to declare the effect of static magnetism on the essential cinnamic oil and comparing its effect with non- magnetic cinnamic essential oil and the insecticide, cymax 50% on 2<sup>nd</sup> instar larvae of the cotton leafworm, <em>Spodoptera littoralis </em>(Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Due to the problems of chemical pesticides to all organisms and environment, natural control replaced pesticides. Results proved that magnetic cinnamic oil is the most effective material than the non- magnetic cinnamic essential oil and the insecticide cymax 50% with LC<sub>50 </sub>926.57ppm 4636.11 ppm for magnetic and non- magnetic cinnamic oil, respectively. Although LC<sub>50 </sub>for cymax 50% was 101.65 ppm, which was lowest than magnetic and non- magnetic cinnamic oil, but the highest concentration of this insecticide caused only 50% mortality for 2<sup>nd</sup> instar larvae of <em>S. littoralis</em>, in addition to its toxicity on plants, people and environment. So the magnetism which improved the properties of essential cinnamic oil proved its effectiveness on 2<sup>nd</sup> instar larvae of <em>S. littoralis</em>.Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-079111220190601Releasing of Predatory Mite, Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) for Controlling the Red Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Cantaloupe Plant1131195256310.21608/eajbsf.2019.52563ENA. A.EbrahimPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20190809An open field was chosen at El Mahala El Kobra district, El Gharbia governorate. An area of about one faddan (about 4200 m2) was cultivated by cantaloupe seed (variety, Egyptian Galia Melon). <em>N. californicus</em> individuals were released in each predator’s area, once in the first half plots and twice in the second half plots (at two weeks intervals), at the rate of 3, 6 and 9 individuals/2plants in the first and second three treatments of once and twice releases, respectively.<br /> A single release of N. californicus provides low reduction for the red spider mites, <em>T. urticae</em>. This unlikely those obtained from the double release which provides preferable results on controlling the red spider mite, <em>T. urticae</em>. On the other hand, one release of the predatory mite, <em>N. californicus</em> with the medium rate (6 predators/ 2 plants) or low rate (3 predators’ 2 plants), as well as releasing the predator two releases with the low rate resulted in low mite reduction.<br /> In conclusion, under the open field conditions, our results showed a preference for utilizing multiple releases of the predatory mite, <em>N. californicus</em> to regulate the populations of <em>T. urticae</em>. Either moderating reduction or not prevent <em>T. urticae</em> from exceeding the economic threshold level.Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-079111220190601Comparative between Two Eco-Friendly Botanical Oils through Studies Toxicological, Biological and Molecular Impacts on the Cotton Leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.)1211306647510.21608/eajbsf.2019.66475ENMarwa M.A.EL-SabaghPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, GizaSara M. I.Abd El-KareemCotton Leafworm Research Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, EgyptEl Shaimaa N. I.Abd El MageedPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, GizaNashwa S.AminPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, GizaJournal Article20190810Toxicological, biological and molecular effects of two eco-friendly botanical oils named Jojoba andJatropha oils against the newly molted 2<sup>nd</sup> instar larvae of the Egyptian cotton leafworm, <em>Spodoptera littoralis</em> (Boisd.), were investigated under laboratory conditions. Results generally revealed a decrease in the mean larval, pupal, and adult durations for the 2<sup>nd</sup> instar larvae surviving treatment with the LC<sub>50</sub> value 1.905 % and 1.793 %, for the two tested oils Jojoba oil andJatropha respectively. Also, plant extracts caused a reduction in all the other biological impacts (pupation, adult emergence percentage, the mean number of eggs/female and the mean number of hatched eggs). Molecular studies have been carried out on 6<sup>th</sup> instar larvae of <em>S. littoralis</em> which treated in 2<sup>nd</sup> larval instars with LC<sub>50</sub> of the tested botanical oils. Seven random primers were used in this study to generate a fragmenting pattern as a tool to investigate the molecular differences between treated samples and control. The numbers of unique and common fragments generated by using these primers (O4, O7, O5, O14, C10, C13 and C15) were recorded. It has been found that primer C13 was the most powerful one in generating a unique informative fragmenting pattern; it gives five specific unique fragments. While the primer O14 was the poorest one in generating an informative fragmenting pattern.