Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-07912220101201Evaluation of cytogenetic effects on bovine peripheral lymphocytes after the treatment with tebuconazole141743810.21608/eajbsf.2010.17438ENŠivikováKatarínaUniversity of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Veterinary Genetics, Komenského 73, 04181 Košice, Slovak Republic, EuropeDianovskýJánUniversity of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Veterinary Genetics, Komenského 73, 04181 Košice, Slovak Republic, EuropeHolečkováBeátaUniversity of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Veterinary Genetics, Komenského 73, 04181 Košice, Slovak Republic, EuropeGaldíkováMartinaUniversity of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Veterinary Genetics, Komenského 73, 04181 Košice, Slovak Republic, EuropeMesarčMartinUniversity of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Veterinary Genetics, Komenského 73, 04181 Košice, Slovak Republic, EuropeJournal Article20181024Tebuconazole-based fungicide (group of triazole fungicides, with 25% of active agent) was evaluated for their ability to induce sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and proliferation indices (PI) in cultured bovine peripheral lymphocytes. The cultures were treated with the fungicides at the concentrations ranged from 3 to 60 µg.ml<sup>-1</sup> for the last 24 and 48 h of incubation. Positive results in the SCE induction were obtained after the exposure to tebuconazole for the last 24h of incubation. The highest concentration of the fungicide also reflected in reduction of proliferation activity, but only insufficient number of cells could be analysed. Our results correspond to our previous finding from the CA assay (chromosomal aberrations) in bovine peripheral lymphocytes treated with the fungicide. Prolonged time of exposure provided inadequate evidence for the genotoxic activity of the fungicide.Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-07912220101201Identification of chromosomes and aberrations after exposure to pesticide in bovine lymphocytes591744010.21608/eajbsf.2010.17440ENGaldíkováMartinaUniversity of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Veterinary Genetics, Komenského 73, 04181 Košice, Slovak Republic, EuropeŠivikováKatarínaUniversity of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Veterinary Genetics, Komenského 73, 04181 Košice, Slovak Republic, EuropeHolečkováBeátaUniversity of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Veterinary Genetics, Komenského 73, 04181 Košice, Slovak Republic, EuropeDianovskýJánUniversity of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Veterinary Genetics, Komenského 73, 04181 Košice, Slovak Republic, EuropeMesarčMartinUniversity of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Veterinary Genetics, Komenského 73, 04181 Košice, Slovak Republic, EuropeJournal Article20181024Tebuconazole belongs<br />to the group of triazole fungicides. As a systemic foliar fungicide it was<br />widely used in agriculture for crops protection, such as barley, wheat, peanuts<br />and orchard fruits. Associations between exposure to pesticides and health<br />outcomes in humans, including different kinds of cancer were reported by<br />several authors. Effects in immune, hematological, nervous, endocrine and<br />reproductive systems have also been described. Data about genotoxic effects of<br />pesticides are rarely reported. We are interested in the detection of<br />structural and numerical aberrations in bovine peripheral lymphocytes<br />using fluorescence <em>in situ</em> hybridization (FISH) <em>in vitro</em>. Three whole chromosome painting probes (wcps), BTA1 for the bovine chromosome 1<br />(red colour), BTA 5 for chromosome 5 (green colour) and BTA 7 for chromosome 7<br />(red colour), as well, were used in experiments. Aneuploidy and unstable<br />structural aberrations were detected more precisely than those seen in<br />conventional chromosome aberrations assays, but only on the marked chromosomes<br />could be analysed.Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-07912220101201Efficiency of certain insecticides on the population(s) of the pink hibiscus mealybug Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) and their natural enemies under the field condition in Ismailia governorate11171744110.21608/eajbsf.2010.17441ENAida H.MohammadPlant Protection Research InstituteSaber F.MoussaPlant Protection Research InstituteAhmed H.Abo-GhaliaFaculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, EgyptSayed A.AhmedFaculty of Environmental agricultural Science, Suez Canal University, El-Arish, North sinai branch, EgyptJournal Article20181024The pink hibiscus mealybug <em>Maconellicoccus hirsutus</em> is a serious pest on the ornamental plant <em>Hibiscus rosa sinensis</em> at Ismailia governorate and elsewhere . So, the comparative effects of six commonly used insecticides [four nonconventional pesticides ; Biofly, Biovar, Bioranza and Orange oil & two conventional pesticides Admiral (pyriproxyfen) and Cidial (phenthoate)]. They applied under field conditions on the population(s) of the pink hibiscus mealybug, <em>Maconellicoccus hirsutus</em> and its natural enemies of the encyrtid parasitoid <em>Anagyrus kamali</em> and the coccinellid predators<em> Scymnus coccivora</em> & <em>Cryptolaemus montrouzieri</em>. Results showed that the least reduction value was recorded by Biovar, Bioranza, Admiral and Orange oil on the mealybug population(s) and their natural enemies. The highest effect was occurred by cidial treatment. So, biocides are recommended for using in the control of this insect pest for its least effect on the natural enemies of these pests.Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-07912220101201Multi-residue determination of pesticides in the meat of cattle in Faisalabad-Pakistan19281744210.21608/eajbsf.2010.17442ENMuhammadF.Department of Physiology and PharmacologyAkhtarM.Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, PakistanRahman Z.U.Department of Physiology and PharmacologyFarooq H.U.Department of Physiology and PharmacologyKhaliqT.Department of Physiology and PharmacologyAnwar M.I.Department of Livestock and Dairy Development, Lahore, Government of Punjab, PakistanJournal Article20181024The aim of study was to determine the contamination in the meat and organs of cattle reared in pesticide spraying areas of Faisalabad, Pakistan. Because no such published information is available in this region. The meat and organs such as liver, lung and kidney were collected from villages situated within the radius of 25-35 Km on four different localities (Pensara, Aminpur, Jaranwala, and Sheikhupura roads) in the Northeast and Southwest of city during winter and spring seasons of 2009. Five pesticides (cyhalothrin, endosulfan, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and methyl parathion) were analyzed in the collected meat and organs (n=600) with solid phase microextraction and high performance liquid chromatography techniques. The residue analysis revealed that about 13, 21, 4, and 2 % muscle samples were contaminated with chlorpyrifos, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin and endosulfan, respectively. The concentration (ppm) of Chlorpyrifos (0.373 ± 0.001vs. 0.297 ± 0.006), cypermethrin (2.962 ± 0.003vs. 1.789 ± 0.228), endosulfan (12.938 ±0.007vs. 14.487 ± 4.497) and cyhalothrin residues (4.521 ± 1.143vs. 4.790 ± 0.933) were non-significantly different (p>0.05) in north east and southwest direction, respectively. Similarly, the levels of these pesticides were non significantly different in spring and winter seasons. Parathion-methyl was not detected in muscle samples. The same trend of pesticide contamination was observed in the kidney samples. Three pesticides (chlorpyrifos, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin were detected in liver and lung samples while endosulfan and parathion methyl were only detected in traces. Pesticides residues in muscle and organs were found higher than the Maximum Residual Limit (MRL) established by the international health regulatory agencies. Comparative results have indicated that chlorpyrifos, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin and endosulfan residues in muscles were about 34 times, 23 times, 47 times, and 27 times, respectively, higher than the MRL. These findings alarm a threat to the public health and suggest the need to create awareness in dairy farmers regarding the avoidance of pesticide residues in meat. (This work was supported by the Higher Education Commission, Islamabad, Pakistan.)Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-07912220101201Morphological effects of some insect growth regulators on Musca domestica, (Diptera, Muscidae).29361744510.21608/eajbsf.2010.17445ENKhalil M.S.Faculty of Science, Menofia UniversityAssar A.A.Faculty of Science, Menofia UniversityAbo El-Mahasen M.M.Faculty of Science, Menofia UniversityMahmoud S.H..Faculty of Science, Menofia UniversityJournal Article20181024The current work was carried out to evaluate the morphological effects of insect growth regulators e.g. : applaud (buprofezin), consult (hexaflumuron) and match (lufenuron) as chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSIs), mimic (tebufenozide) as ecdysone agonist (EA) and admiral (pyripyroxyfen) as juvenile hormone analogue (JHA) against the housefly,<em> M. domestica</em>. Various morphological aberrations were induced in larvae, pupae and adults of <em>M. domestica</em>. The highest percentage of larval deformities caused by mimic, (can not molt or shrinked). Consult gave the highest percentage of malformation in the resulting pupae (C. shaped, elongated, distorted, two constricted, tapering anterior and broad posterior , cylindrical adult uncompleted). Admiral and mimic induced high percentage of abnormalities in the adult flies (small size body and curved legs, crumbled wings and curved abdomen). Larval-pupal intermediates and pupal-adult intermediates were induced as a result of these treatments. Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-07912220101201Comparative evaluation of Molluscicidal effects of Securidaca longepedunculata (Fres.) and Tephrosia bracteolate (Guilland Perr) on Bulinus globosus.37411744910.21608/eajbsf.2010.17449ENOlofintoye L.K.University of Ado-Ekiti, Zoology Department,
P. M. B. 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, NigeriaJournal Article20181024The molluscicidal activities of ethanoic and methanoic extracts of the leaves, stem barks and roots of <em>Securidaca longepedunculata</em> and <em>Tephrosia bracteolate</em> against bred <em>Bulinus globosus</em> measured 0.50mm to 0.90mm in size, were investigated. The snails were exposed to a serial dilution of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0ppm of the ethanoic and methanoic extracts of the leaves, stem barks and roots of <em>S. longepedunculata </em>and <em>T. bracteolata</em> for 24hrs. All tested extracts showed varied snail mortality rates with the different concentrations of ethanoic and methanoic extracts of the plants parts from 0.0 – 100.0%. The lethal concentration LC50 values ranged from 0.15-0.60ppm and LC90 values from 0.80-6.90ppm for both ethanoic and methanoic extracts of <em>S. longepedunculata </em>for 24hrs. The two plants showed significant difference (P<0.05) in the mortality rates of the snails (<em>B. globosus</em>).Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-07912220101201Effect of Chitin synthesis inhibitors (flufenoxuron) on some biological and biochemical aspects of the cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis Bosid (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)43561745210.21608/eajbsf.2010.17452ENF. A.BakrRedaDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams UniversityBiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha,KSANehad M.El-barkyEntomology Department – Faculty of Science- Benha UniversityMona F.Abd ElazizEntomology Department – Faculty of Science- Benha UniversityMohamed H.AwadZoology Department – Faculty of Science- Benha UniversityHisham M. E.Abd El-HalimEntomology Department – Faculty of Science- Benha UniversityJournal Article20181024The present study aimed to evaluate the biological effect of insect growth regulator flufenoxuron (Cascade) as a chitin synthesis inhibitor against 2<sup>nd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup> larval instars of <em>Spodoptera littoralis</em>, to determine its toxicity. Effect of sublethal doses LC<sub>25</sub>, LC<sub>50</sub> and LC<sub>90 </sub>were used to investigate the enzymatic activities. The tested IGR significantly increased the larval and pupal durations, on the other hand decrease the percentages of pupation, adult emergency, fecundity and fertility of the eggs produced by the adult progeny. The tested compound significantly induced larval mortalities, which were dose dependant.
Treatments of the 2<sup>nd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup> larval instars with the tested IGR induced some morphogenic abnormalities in larval, larval-pupal and pupal stages, as well as pupal-adult intermediate. Some emerged adults have various degrees of malformations. All the treated larvae as 2<sup>nd</sup> instar showed a high sensitivity to the tested IGRs more than 4<sup>th</sup> instars. The treated larvae in both 2<sup>nd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup> larval instars with the sublethal doses LC<sub>25</sub>, LC<sub>50 </sub>and LC<sub>90</sub> showed a significant decrease in enzyme activities of acid phosphatase and the non- specific esterases, α,β esterases at different times intervals post treatments.Egyptian Society of Biological SciencesEgyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control2090-07912220101201Insecticidal activity of Four Volatile Oils on Two Museum Insects Pests57661745410.21608/eajbsf.2010.17454ENF. A.BakrRedaDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams UniversityBiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha,KSAHoda M.Abdel FattahDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams UniversityBiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha,KSANabila M .SalimCenter of Researches & conservation of antiquities .Cairo, EgypNagwa H.AtiyaCenter of Researches & conservation of antiquities .Cairo, EgypJournal Article20181024Insecticidal effect of volatile oils from peppermint (<em>Mentha piperita</em>), basil (<em>Ocimum basilicum</em>), lemon (<em>Citrus limon</em>) and orange (<em>Citrus sinensis</em>) against two museum insect pests was evaluated by fumigation test. Also, the effect of oils on the antennal segments and their sensilla was studied by using scanning electron microscope. Results of the study revealed that peppermint oil offered the highest toxicity to adults and larvae of the black carpet beetle and cigarette beetle at LD<sub>50</sub> level. Larvae of both species were more susceptible than adults to fumigant actions. Among the four volatile oils, the orange oil was less toxic to adult and larvae of both species. Fumigation of the third instar larvae of tested insects with different volatile oils resulted in malformation and disorientation in of the antennal structures and their associated sensilla in the emerged adults.