2024-03-28T17:53:48Z
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=3602
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0791
2018
10
1
Effect of some natural products on the vector of Bancroftian filariasis in Jizan, KSA
Reda
Bakr
Mamdouh
Nassar
Nehad
El-Barky
Mohammed
Abdeldayem
Thorayia
Kotb
Rotenone, limonine and jojoba oil bioactivity was studied on the 3rd instar larvae of Culex (Cx.) pipiens pallens as a Bancroftian filariasis vector and the prevalent mosquito in Jizan, KSA. They induced toxic effects on different stages of Cx. pipiens, but in different percent. They revealed Lc50of 13.6, 658.39 and 5991.5 ppm for rotenone, limonine and jojoba oil respectively.
Rotenone
limonine and jojoba oil
of Culex pipiens
Jizan
KSA
2018
06
01
1
11
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17015_86302d66a2f4976dbf95f8e43b9d621d.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0791
2018
10
1
Enzymatic Changes and Toxic Effect of Some Aromatic Plant Oils on The Cotton Leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.)
Suzan
Ibrahim
Sara
Abd El-Kareem
In order toevaluate the larvicidal and biochemical effects of some aromatic plant oilsagainst the cotton leafworm larvae, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval),the present investigation was carried out. Four commercial aromatic oils;garlic, mint, eucalyptus, and lavender oils, were tested against 2ndand 4th instar larvae. Results showed that all tested oils were soefficient, especially; the garlic oil as it exhibited the least LC50value for both 2nd and 4th instar larvae. Results alsorevealed significant disruption (either reduced or enhanced) enzyme activity.In conclusion, tested oils proved to have insecticidal, antifeedant, andinhibitory enzymatic activity effects. So that, tested oils can be appliedsafely in IPM program for the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoraliscontrol.
Aromatic plant oils
Cotton leafworm
larvicidal effect
detoxification enzymes
non-specific esterases
Acid and alkaline phosphatases
2018
06
01
13
24
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17016_5fce786b8af661d780be0f4260b9ee7b.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0791
2018
10
1
Effects of Two Neonicotinoids Insecticides on Some Anti-Oxidant Enzymes and Hematological Parameters in Egyptian Frogs, Bufo regularis.
Naglaa
Loutfy
Marwa
Kamel
The effect of two neonicotinoid pesticides,Actra and Acetamore, on the Egyptian frog (Buforegularis) was evaluated. Some parameters were selected to reflect andmeasure the stress caused by exposing frogs to 1/6 of the recommended fieldconcentration. Stress parameters included malondialdehyde (MDA), theantioxidant enzyme, reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)besides some hematological parameters. Results showed that activities of the enzymes GSH and SOD decreasedsignificantly after treatments with both pesticides. GSH content decreased by29.47% and 47.37% compared to control frogs, while SOD activity decreased by11.37% and 18.88% after exposure to Actra and Acetamore pesticides,respectively. The exposure for both pesticides promotes significant increasein MDA content and also caused asignificant reduction for serum albumin fraction and total proteins. The numberof total red blood cells (RBCs) and hematocrit values showed a non-significantdecrease, whereas the number of white blood cells (WBCs) increasedsignificantly by 82.54% and 127.5%, after the exposure to Actra and Acetamore,respectively. Hemoglobin content and the blood indices such as Mean corpuscularvolume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH) and Mean Corpuscular HemoglobinConcentration (MCHC) declined significantly only in Acetamore treated frogs.Changes caused by Acetamore exposure were much more profound for nearly allstudied parameters in comparison to changes caused by Actra. Alteration tookplace in the studied parameters could have adverse influence on major physiologicalfunctions in frogs, which could result in more vulnerable adults.
Frogs
Antioxidant enzymes
hematology
neonicotinoids pesticides
2018
06
01
25
36
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17017_b5d5e140d5503be890246182fefe0ffa.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0791
2018
10
1
Appraisal of Positive Pesticides Influence on Pink Bollworm Larvae, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders)
Eman
Radwan
Mohamed
El-Malla
Mohamed
Fouda
Ragab
Mesbah
Experimentsconducted to study the toxic and biological effects of three chemicalinsecticides (chlorpyrifos, Lambda-Cyhalothrin, and Methomyl), onebiochemical insecticide (spinosad), and two bio-insecticides (Bacillusthuringiensis kurstaki Bt and Nucleopolyhedrovirus, NPV) against neonatelarvae of the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund.), were carried out underlaboratory conditions. The highest effect of tested pesticides on larvalmortalities was recorded after four days of feeding these larvae on treateddiet. Spinosad was the effective toxin (LC50=1.84 ppm) to neonatelarvae followed by chlorpyrifos (LC50= 3.06 ppm), Lambda-Cyhalothrin(LC50= 5.99 ppm) then Methomyl (LC50=23.50 ppm) but B.t.(74.84×104 I.U) and NPV (83.5×109 I.U) were the lowestones. LC50 treatments of neonate larvae with all tested insecticidesproduced reduction in larval and pupal weights especially Lambda-cyhalothrintreatment, (31.9 and 24.3 %, resp.) compared with untreated insects. Thedecreasing effect of all treatments observed in fecundity and life span ofadult females which reflected in very high percentages of insect sterility withchlorpyrifos (66.7%) and Methomyl (61%) treatments. Insignificant increase oftotal protein contents and activity of Glutathione-S-transferase enzyme wasdetected in tissues of LC50 treated larvae compared with untreated larvae,but a significant (23.5%) and highly significant (56.9%) increase in enzymeactivity were resulted by Chlorpyrifos and Spinosad treatments. A very highinhibition in activity of Acetylcholinesterase enzyme of larval tissues wasrecorded with NPV (61.3%), B.t. (58.8%), Lambda-Cyhalothrin (55.6%), Spinosad(54.4%), Chlorpyrifos (48.7%), and Methomyl (37.5%)treatments than untreated ones.
pink bollworm
Chemical pesticides
biochemical insecticides
bio-insecticides
biological aspects
GST and AchE enzymes
2018
06
01
37
47
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17018_005381f30cbf5bc91883c031bba68794.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0791
2018
10
1
Role of Teflubenzuron as A Chitin Synthesis Inhibitor Against Spodoptera littoralis Larvae
Hala
Mead
Mohamad
Khedr
The present research focuses on the effect of teflubenzuron on the 4th larval instar of the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis under laboratory conditions. Teflubenzuron exhibited larvicidal activity (LC50 8.45 ppm) after 72 hours of treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed growth disruption and abnormalities in the external morphological features of cuticle and head capsule in larvae treated with teflubenzuron. Marked biochemical changes in chitin synthesis pathway were recorded. Protease enzyme activity was significantly reduced, whereas the activities of both chitinase and phenoloxidase were significantly elevated in treated larvae in comparison to controls.
Teflubenzuron
Spodoptera littoralis
Chitin synthesis inhibitors
Enzymes
Ultrastructure
2018
06
01
49
58
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17019_c5c2b4b92531a059f5bd83ce19fa02fb.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0791
2018
10
1
Evaluation of Entomopathogenic Fungi, Beauveriabassiana And Metarhizium anisopliae on Peach Fruit Fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Diptera:Tephritidae)
Mohamed
hussein
Amany
Khaled
A.
Ibrahim
Nehad
Soliman
Safaa
Attia
This research intended to investigate thepathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) and Metarhiziumanisopliae (Met.) on immature stages and adult flies of the peach fruit fly, Bactrocerazonata (Saunders). Percentage mortality was concentration dependent.The LC50 and LC90 values reflected privilege of B.bassiana over M. anisopliae on immature stages while B. bassianareflected higher mortality values for young age pupae than those of old age.Both entomopathogenic fungi showed high activity against flies.
Bactrocera zonata
Beauveria bassiana
Metarhizium anisopliae
Biocontrol
2018
06
01
59
68
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17020_ba944fff06e0655f96418549e708b238.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0791
2018
10
1
Residuals Efficacy of Thiamethoxam and Thiaclopride Soil Applications against Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera; Aleyrodidae) and Their Impact on Soil Microarthropods
Wael
Khamis
Field studies werecarried out to investigate the efficacy of thiamethoxam (TMX) and thiaclopride(THI) via three different types of soil against whitefly, Bemisia tabaci,on tomato seedlings during two successive seasons. Physical and chemicalcriteria were determined in each of soil type. Results revealed that, the soiltypes were loamy sand (Al-Maamoura), silt loam (Bangar Al-Sokkar) and clay(Abou-Homous). During 2016 and 2017, clay soil had the highest contents inorganic matter (3.43 and 3.48% respectively) and organic carbon (1.99 and 2.03%respectively). The highest mean reduction percentages of whiteflytreatedwith the TMX in loamy sand soil were 79.35 and 80.12% and in silt loam were78.39 and 81.60% during 2016 and 2017comparing to clay soil. Likewise, THI hadthe highest mean reduction percentages during 2016 and 2017 in loamy sand soil (78.06and 79.88% respectively) and silt loam (77.12 and 78.56% respectively) comparedto clay soil. Residuals efficacy of TMX and THI extended to 15 days in loamysand and silt loam soils compared to 9 days in clay soil during the two seasonsand the season of 2016 respectively. During the season of 2017, THI had moreextension for a week in the three tested soils. Initial effects againstwhitefly had a rapid onset on the 3rd day post-treatments of TMX inloamy sand and THI in silt loam and clay soils during the two seasons. Initialeffects delayed on the 9th day post treatment of TMX in silt loamsoil during season of 2017and in clay soil during the two seasons.Retardations, extended to the 9th day of THI treatment in loamy sandsoil during the season of 2017. The efficiencies of TMX and THI via soils ofloamy sand and silt loam against whitefly were significantly more than claysoil. Full recovery levels ofmicro-arthropods revealed at the end of the 7th week in all soil’s depths of loamy sand and siltloam treated with TMX and in loamy sand soil treatedwith THI during the two seasons. Treated areas of high OM -clay soil failed to reach the recovery levels.
Residuals efficacy
thiamethoxam
thiaclopride
Bemisia tabaci
micro-arthropods
2018
06
01
69
84
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17021_f64c2e648e0bf0775ab769be9fd5b1c9.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0791
2018
10
1
Nematicidal Potential Impact of Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Inhibitors against Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita.
Raddy
M.
Abdel-Lateef
F.
Fouad
Ali
Montasser
A.
Soon after the discovery that phosphodiesterase (PDEs) are presented in nematodes and regulate the signaling pathway responsible for its motility and reproduction, many of PDE inhibitors have been examined for their nematicidal effects. The present study evaluates the nematicidal activity of seven commercial drugs that act as PDE inhibitors namely diazepam, papaverine, theophylline, caffeine, cilostazol, vinpocetine and sildenafil against root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita) under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. The results showed that all tested PDE inhibitors reduced tomato root galling significantly compared with the untreated check. Diazepam, papaverine and caffeine treatments gave the highest reduction in root galls by 95.5, 93.3 and 91%, respectively.Diazepam exhibited strong nematicidal activity against second-stage juveniles (J2) of M. incognita with 48hrs-LC50 value of 4.63 ppm. Therefore, using phosphodiesterase inhibitors could serve as the basis for novel nematicides with greater efficacy and reduced environmental impact.
Root-knot nematodes
Meloidogyne incognita
Phosphodiesterase (PDE)
PDE inhibitors
2018
06
01
85
90
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17022_e21425bec3b11511d4f56bc3a31614b7.pdf
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0791
2018
10
1
Evaluation of Using Silymarin as A Radio-Protective Agent of the Peach Fruit Fly, Bactrocera zonata Irradiated with Gamma Radiation
W.
Sayed
S.
Farag
S.
Mohamed
The performance of sterile males is one of the important topics for the successful use of the sterile insect technique. Silymarin (Sm) as antioxidant could play an effective role in ameliorating the physiological damage of B. zonata cells that may be induced during raring the colony and/or irradiation treatment. Different Sm concentrations (0, 10, 30, 50, 80 and 100 mg/kg) were added to the larval diet to study its impact on the reproductive biology and fitness of B zonata. Also, the radio-protective activity of Sm was firstly tested through studying the quality control parameters of the adult flies irradiated with the sterilizing dose levels (0,70, 90, 100 and 110 Gy) that previously fed on Sm in larval stage. Secondary, the protective effect of Sm were evaluated through ultrastructure studies of the male testes. The results indicated that additives of 80 and 100 mg/kg Sm concentrations increased the pupal and adult recovery, they were significantly increased to (77.2 and 76.2%) and (69.7 and 68.2%), respectively as compared to (72.2%) and (63.3%) in the control treatment, respectively. The results also revealed that in 80 mg/kg Sm concentration, the percentages of hatched eggs were increased either alone or in combined with the different sterilizing doses. Moreover, the adult flight ability and emergence percentages were increased in the all combination treatments. The ultrastructure study showed an improvement of the testis irradiated with 90 Gy when combined with 80 mg/kg as compared to the radiation treatment alone.
antioxidant
insect fitness
quality control
sterility
TEM
2018
06
01
91
103
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17858_02e7b6b98e29bf5c441b37b204301228.pdf