Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Laboratory Evaluation of an Entomopathogenic Fungus, Isaria fumosorosea wize pa208 against Two-spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus cucurbitacearum (SAYED)
1
6
EN
El-Kawas
H. M.
G.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Nabil
H.
A.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Kalmosh
Fatma
Sh.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Hussein
Rana H.
M.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17023
The influence of the entomopathogenic fungus, <em>Isaria</em><br /><em>fumosorosea</em> Wize PA208 was evaluated against the two-spotted spider<br />mite, <em>Tetranychus</em> <em>cucurbitacearum</em><br />(Sayed) under laboratory conditions at Plant Protection Research Institute,<br />Sharkia branch, Egypt.<br />Two different application methods; spray and dipping techniques of fungi spores<br />suspension were tested at 25, 30±2˚C and 70±5 % R.H. Mortality percentages<br />increased with an increase of spore concentration, exposure time and<br />temperature degrees using spray compared with dipping technique. LC<sub>50</sub><br />values were 2.14×10<sup>6 </sup>and 1.70×10<sup>4</sup> spores/ml after four<br />and seven days of spray application at 30 ˚C, respectively. On the other hand,<br />LC<sub>50 </sub>values were 8.95×10<sup>6</sup> and 2.77×10<sup>6 </sup>spores/ml<br />after four and seven days of dipping technique at 30˚C, consecutively.
Tetranychus cucurbitacearum,Entomopathogenic fungus,Isaria fumosorosea,biological control
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17023.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17023_c2902e50c5cb6cd76975a256f4e5b512.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Determination of some Carbamat and Synthetic Pyrethroid Pesticide Residues in Vegetables and Fruits in Derna Market at Eastem Part of libya
7
6
EN
Ifdial
Omer
El-Awami
Plant Protection Department Faculty of Agriculture Omar AL-Mukhtar University. Libya
S.
M. Hussein
EL R.
Plant Protection Department Faculty of Agriculture Omar AL-Mukhtar University. Libya
A.
F.
Soliman
Plant Protection Department Faculty of Agriculture Omar AL-Mukhtar University. Libya
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17024
<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">In this study, the residues<br />of commonly used carbamate and pyrethroids pesticides in Libya, (oxamyl,<br />bendiocarb, carbofuran, carbaryl, methomyl, thiocarb, permethrin, deltamethrin<br />, fenvalerate, esfenvalerate , and cypermethrin) in vegetables (tomatoes,<br />cucumber, green pepper, scald, cabbage, lettuce and squash) and fruits (grape,<br />peach, apple and plume) were determined in different seasons (summer 2013,<br />autumn 2013, winter 2014 and spring 2014). HPLC with UV detector was used for<br />quantification, while the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe<br />(QUECERS) extraction and purification method was used to isolate the pesticides<br />found in samples. The mean recovery ranged between 75-95% with relative<br />standard deviations ranged between 15%-25%. Results indicated that pesticide<br />residues were found in some monitored fruits and vegetable samples. In all,<br />93.71% of fruit and vegetable samples analyzed contained no detectable level of<br />the monitored pesticides, 2.81% of the samples gave results with levels of pesticide<br />residues above the MRL, while 4.11% of the samples showed results below the<br />MRL. Carbofuran and oxamyl appear to have health risk associated with them<br />while rest of tested pesticides were found to be under safe limit. The results<br />suggested that the consumers of the eastern area of Libya are exposed to<br />concentration of pesticides that may cause chronic diseases correlated with<br />carbofuran and oxamyl. A future study in a longer period of time would allow<br />obtaining a deeper knowledge about the fulfillment of vegetables and fruits<br />produced in Libya with respect to the use of pesticides and their presence in<br />them</span>
Carbamat and pyrethroid pesticide residues-vegetables-fruits
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17024.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17024_ef33decb4e042d31a1feda4e479c51f6.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
The Role of Predators Insects in Regulating Population Densities of Certain Piercing Sucking Pests on Squash Plants in Egypt
17
30
EN
Saleh
A. A.
A.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Dokki, Giza, Egypt
H.
M.
El-Sharkawy
Plant Production Dept., Faculty of Technology & Development, Zagazig University, Egypt
F.
S.
El-Santel
Plant Production Dept., Faculty of Technology & Development, Zagazig University, Egypt
Rehab
A.
Abd El-Salam
Plant Production Dept., Faculty of Technology & Development, Zagazig University, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17025
Studies<br />were carried out at Diarb Negim, Sharkia governorate during two successive<br />seasons 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. Obtained results showed that in autumn<br />plantation, there were two peaks of <em>Aphis gossypii </em>(Glover) on squash<br />plants, one peak at last week of<br />November and other at third week of December in 2014 season. On the other hand,<br /><em>Bemisia tabci </em>(Genn.) had three peaks, in second week of November, first<br />week of December and third week of December in 2014 season and two peaks of<br />infestation in fourth week of November and December in 2015 season of autumn<br />plantation while, three peaks in summer plantation were obtained on fourth week<br />of (April &May) and second week of June in 2015 season respectively.<br />Investigation revealed that, squash plants infested by few numbers of thrips<br />during autumn plantation throughout the two seasons. Statistical analysis of<br />the obtained data cleared highly negative correlation between aphid<br />&whitefly and temperature in autumn plantation in both seasons. Also, the<br />mean R.H showed a positive significant correlation on population density of <em>A.<br />gossypii </em>in second season 2015 of autumn plantation. In summer plantation,<br />the minimum R.H% showed a negative correlation with <em>Orius </em>spp.<br />population and a positive significant correlation with <em>C. carnea </em>population<br />in the first season 2015. The predaceous insects found associated with pericing<br />sucking pests were <em>Orius </em>spp<em>., Coccinella undecimpuncta </em>L.,<em><br />Chrysoperla carnea </em>Steph<em>., Metasyrphus corolla </em>F. and few number of <em>Paederus<br />alferii </em>(Koch ) and true spider. The<br />results revealed that <em>Orius </em>spp. had three peak in two season in autumn<br />plantation, in first and third week of November, and third week of December in<br />both seasons respectively. Meanwhile there was two peaks in first week of May<br />and third week of June in 2015 season of summer plantation. <em>Chrysoperla<br />carnea </em>had two peaks in autumn plantation during two seasons, third week of<br />November, second week in December in 2014 and fourth week of November, third<br />week of December in 2015 respectively. Also two peaks in summer plantation<br />during 2015 season in first week of April and second week of June.
aphid,whitefly,thrips,Predators
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17025.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17025_8ddd58e9675e0322e49c1df68c42359a.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Microbial Control on Sesamia cretica Insects by Beauveria bassiana at Sharkia Governorate
31
46
EN
Sherief
E. A.
H.
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt
Ghaly
M.
F.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Sharkia, Egypt
El-Mougith
A. A.
A.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Sharkia, Egypt
Abd El- Kader
M.
A.
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17026
This research was performed in Sharkia<br />Governorate during seasons of 2014and 2015 under laboratory conditions. <em>Beauveria<br />bassiana</em> (Blas.) is an imperfect entomopathogenic fungus that attacks a<br />wide range of agriculture pests causing disease named as white muscardine and currently used as biocontrol agents and<br />substitute the harmful chemical insecticides.<em> Beauveria bassiana </em>isolate<br />(Cairo MIRCEN) was evaluated as biocontrol agent against <em>Sesamia cretica<br /></em>Led. under laboratory conditions. <em>B. bassiana </em>caused 100% mortality<br />to <em>S. cretica</em> after 5 days.<em> B.<br />bassiana </em>was screened for lytic enzyme production as it had the ability to<br />produce chitinase, protease and no lipase production. Environmental and<br />nutritional conditions were studied to detect the optimum conditions for<br />growth, protease production. Fungal isolate<br />was identified by both microscopic conditions. Culture filtrate of <em>B. bassiana</em> 1572 become concentrated (partial purified<br />active compound by organic solvents<br />(chloroform)) and tested on insects <em>Sesamia cretica</em> (larva at different<br />ages) as bioinsecticide in comparison with diluted (original filtrate). Results<br />were indicated after microscopic examinations as a complete change in insect<br />body colour to be deep darker, Appearance of white growth of the fungal <em>B.<br />bassiana</em> 1572 on the treated dead insect body in both treatments and the<br />insect cadaver was solidified and there were some black lesions and some<br />malformation. All symptoms were more in concentrated treatment than the other<br />treatment.Also beauvericin toxin production was investigated by molecular<br />weight using SDS- Protein Electrophoresis that indicated the presence of<br />beauvericin toxin in both concentrated (partial purified active compound by organic solvents (chloroform)) and diluted (original filtrate). When conidia of <em>B.<br />bassiana </em>1572<br />became in contact with the insect cuticle surface under suitable ecological<br />condition, it germinate, by the aid of both chemical (lytic enzyme secretion<br />(chitinase, protease)) and mechanical effect (hyphal pressure on the<br />penetration site. Then, hyphae penetrate the insect body cavity. That led to<br />hyphae growth, division, beauvericin toxin production and production of spores<br />spreaded in the hemolymph (in all parts of body cavity), after that physical<br />and chemical changes occurred to the insect hemolymph by the aid of beauvericin<br />toxin led to function disorder and death. The fungus grew<br />outside the cadaver until the availability of suitable conditions to resume<br />life cycle.
Microbial control – Sesamia cretica –Beauveria bassiama – Sharkia-Governorate
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17026.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17026_2c7d9111de0ed438fbf978b03ad232ad.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Efficiency Comparison of some Compounds and Their Nano particles against Certain Mite and its Predator in Laboratory and Field.
47
49
EN
Abd El-Rahman
H.
A.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17027
The two-spotted spider mite,<em> Tetranychus urticae </em>(Koch) is one of the major pest attacking different field crops, vegetables and fruits, while the predatory mite <em>Phytoseiulus persimili</em>s (Athias-Henriot) is well known as predator specialized on tetranychida mites. Nanotechnology is science of manipulating materials at nano-scale. Among the latest technological advancements. Nanotechnology and common solution of some compounds occupies a major position in pest control. So, the present investigation was carried out to evaluate some compounds (Cyhalothrin 5% SC, Abamectin Benzoate 1.8 % SC,Chlorpyrifos 48% SC and Methomyl 95 % WP) and their images Nan particles against <em>T. urticae </em>and<em> P. persimili</em>s in laboratory and under field conductions on cotton plants. Also, the LC50 of these chemicals on the mite and predatory mite were evaluated .The results revealed that Abamectin Benzoate nano particles had high toxic effect and high toxicity index , on the other hand Methomyl 95 nano partials was least toxic compounds to adult female<em> T. urticae </em>than the tested compounds in common solution. Moreover Cyhalothrin nano partial was the most effective compound against <em>T. urticae </em>eggs deposition and eggs hatchability of <em>T. urticae.</em> But Cyhalothrin nano partials had moderate effect on mite eggs and adults of <em>T. urticae</em>.Under field condition, all compounds of nano particles achieved good effect against <em>T. urticae </em>on cotton plants. But all compounds were safety to predatory mite <em>P.persimili</em>s in comparison with <em>T. urticae.</em> The current investigation could be recommended as an aspect of integrated pest management against <em>T. urticae </em>and<em> P. persimili</em>s both in the field.
Nano-particles-mite-laboratory,field
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17027.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17027_bc358edb2ab61fbad0fd902167dafeff.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Biochemical Markers for Acetamiprid and Imidacloprid Neonicotinoid Insecticides Selectivity in the Cotton White Fly, Bemisia tabaci, the Cotton Leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis and Honey Bee, Apis mellifera
61
73
EN
Shimaa
Gh. M.
Marzouk
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Egypt.
shimaa.ghareeb@gmail.com
Ali
A.
El-Sheakh
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Egypt.
Mostafa
A.
El-Tantawy
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, sharkia, Egypt
Mohamed-
-Bassem A.
Ashour
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, sharkia, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17028
Selective toxicity of acetamiprid (Mospilan 20% SP) and imidacloprid (Imaxi 35% SC) neonicotinoid insecticides to <em>Bemisia tabaci</em>, <em>Spodoptera littoralis</em> and <em>Apis mellifera</em> was studied.
Assessment of biochemical alterations total proteins, acetylcholinesterase EC3.1.1.7(AChE) activity, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases EC1.14.14.1 (CP450) activity and glutathione-S-transferases EC2.5.1.18 (GST) activity were recorded and discussed as biomarkers for acetamiprid and imidacloprid selective toxicity in the exposed insects . Imidacloprid treatments caused higher reductions in the total protein levels as compared with acetamiprid treatments. The total protein were decreased by 55, 41, 31 and 14 % in <em>A. mellifera</em> thorax, <em>S. littoralis</em> 2<sup>nd</sup> larval instar, <em>B. tabaci</em> adult and <em>S. littoralis</em> 4<sup>th</sup> larval instar, respectively. AChE activity was increased by 29% and decreased by 50% in <em>A. mellifera</em> whole body in acetamiprid and imidacloprid treatments, respectively. Moreover in <em>B. tabaci</em>, the enzyme activity was decreased by 9% and increased by 35% respectively after acetamiprid and imidacloprid treatments. The two tested neonicotinoids elevated CP<sub>450 </sub>activity in <em>B. tabaci</em> adults and <em>S. littoralis</em> 2<sup>nd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup> laraval instars. The highest increase was obtained with imidacloprid treatment in <em>A. mellifera</em> thorax (165%) followed by <em>S. littoralis </em>2<sup>nd</sup> larval instar (100%), <em>B. tabaci</em> adults (66%). The obtained results showed that acetamiprid and imidacloprid treatments elevated GST activity respectively by 29 and 1.5 % in <em>B. tabaci</em> adults; 30 and 30% in <em>S. littoralis</em> 4<sup>th</sup> laraval instar ;88 and 59% in <em>A. mellifera</em> thorax . GST activity was decreased by 18% in <em>S. littoralis</em> 2<sup>nd</sup> larval exposed to acetamiprid and increased by 18% in imidacloprid treatment.
Conclusively, our work suggested that the selective toxicity of the cyanoguanidine neonicotinoid acetamiprid and the nitroguanidine neonicotinoid imidacloprid was based on their chemical structure and metabolic pathways and seemed to be represent a species-specific feature .This was indicated by alterations of the values of total proteins and enzymes specific activity of key enzymes in the exposed target and non target insects .
neonicotinoid,Selectivity,Biochemical markers,Bemisia tabaci,Spodoptera littoralis,Apis mellifera
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17028.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17028_18b148c2285ae11ada9b4db8a394c60c.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Efficacy of Certain Chemical and Bio-insecticides against Piercing-Sucking Pests, Cotton Leafworm and Associated Predators in Cotton Fields at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt
75
86
EN
Ibrahim
M. M.
.A.
Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
H.
M.H.
Al-Shannaf
Plant Prot. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17029
Two experiments were conducted in cotton fields, <em>Gossypium barbadense</em> L. variety Giza 86 at Zagazig District, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt during 2013 and 2014 seasons to evaluate the efficacy of some chemical and bio-compounds against some cotton pests and its side effects on associated predators. In the first experiment, each of parathion-methyl, spinosad, azadirachtyin and dinotefuran compounds were tested at field only against the piercing-sucking pests (aphids,<em>A.gossypii</em>; whitefly,<em>B<strong>. </strong>tabaci</em><strong> ;</strong> leafhoppers,<em>Empoasca</em> spp ; stink green bug,<em>N. veridula</em> and spider mites,<em> Tetranychus</em> spp.), associated predators and added Diple DF (<em>Bacillus thuringiensis</em> subsp. <em>Kurstaki)</em> in addition to the obvious compounds against cotton leafworm, <em>S. littoralies</em> . In the second experiment, each of parathion-methyl, spinosad, azadirachtyin, dinotefuran and <em>B. thuringiensis</em>)compounds were tested as field-laboratory technique to evaluate the latent effect of tested compounds on biological aspects of the second instar larvae of cotton leafworm.
The obtained results of the 1<sup>st</sup> experiment revealed that, the efficacy of tested compounds were varied as pests, seasons and time after application. The highest general mean effect of 81.85, 72.26 and 59.46% reduction were recorded for dinotefuran on aphids during the 1<sup>st</sup> season, on <em>N. veridula</em> during the 2<sup>nd</sup> one and on <em>Tetranychus</em> spp.during the 1<sup>st</sup> season, respectively. On the other hand, the highest general mean effect of 80.01 and 74.82 % reduction were recorded for parathion-methyl on <em>B. tabaci</em> and <em>Empoasca</em> spp during the 1<sup>st</sup> season, respectively. In case of <em>S. littoralies</em> the highest general mean effect of 75.91 % reduction were recorded for Parathion-methyl insecticide during 2014 season.
In regard to the side effects of tested compounds on predators associated with cotton pests, the dinotefuran insecticide recorded highest general mean effect of 68.05 and 88.46 % reduction on lady bird beetles and true spider mites during the 2<sup>nd</sup> season, respectively. On the other hand, the parathion-methyl insecticide recorded highest general mean effect of 70.03, 71.88 and 68.11 % reduction on green lacewing, scmynus, and heave beetle during the 2<sup>nd</sup> season and 65.43 % on orius bug during the 1<sup>st</sup> season respectively.
The obtained results of biological effects of compounds tested as field-laboratory technique on the 2<sup>nd</sup> instar larvae of cotton leafworm revealed that, the highest mean of mortality of 86.67 %, longest larval duration of 12.25 days and lowest pupation percentage of 13.33 % were recorded for larvae fed in laboratory on cotton leaves sprayed in field with parathion-methyl insecticide at zero time. The <em>Btk</em> compound decreased the pupal duration and shortest female longevity period compared with control and other tested compounds. Also, the lowest pupal weights of 0.2976 g/pupa and emergence percentage of 62.50 % were recorded for <em>Btk</em> compound. At the end, the lowest eggs number of 581.67 eggs/female was recorded for females emerged in parathion-methyl insecticide treatment at zero time. So, the <em>Btk</em> compound recorded good effect on <em>S. littoralies</em> biology followed by parathion-methyl insecticide.
Cotton piercing-sucking pests,Insecticides,Biocides,Spodoptera littoralies biology
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17029.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17029_95687025249fcc6f22d8045720498082.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Relationship Between Bemisia tabaci and Aphis gosspyii Infestations with Certain of Plant Diseases, Plant Enzyme Activities, Dissection Structures and Natural Enemies on Squash Plant.
87
98
EN
Gamal
M.
Hassan
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Faragalla
F.
H.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Aziza
M. M.
Abou-Zaid
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Abla
F. A.
Saad
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17030
The whitefly <em>Bemisia</em> <em>tabaci</em> and cotton aphid, <em>Aphis</em> <em>gosspyii</em> are considered as the most harmful insect pests to squash, <em>Cucurbita</em> <em>pepo</em> L. crop. Beside the direct damages, white fly transmits pathogenic virus and induces plant physiological disorders, as the silver leaf disorder and cotton aphid transmits mosaic virus. In this study, we evaluated the development of leaf silvering and mosaic virus in squash plant exposed to the infestation of <em>B. tabaci</em> and <em>A. gosspyii</em>, respectively. An experiment was conducted under field conditions, in Mansheyet Saqqara village, Giza, Egypt, during the summer seasons, 2016 and 2017.
The activity of some plant enzymes, such as Alpha Esterase, Peroxidase & Phenoloxidase and chlorophyll contents were correlated with <em>B. tabaci</em> and <em>A. gosspyii</em> infestations. The associated predators, mirid bug, <em>Nesidiocoris</em> <em>tenuis</em> and ladybird, <em>Coccinella</em> <em> undecimpunctata</em> were collected and their relation was also studied. The leaf silvering degrees were also determined during this study.
The results indicated that induced silver leaf in squash cultivar was similar to a systemic phytotoxemia, mild symptoms in which silvering along the main and secondary veins. While, sever symptoms included completely silvering were observed on the upper leaf surface. Inversely, the lower leaf surface appeared normal.
Anatomical structures,aphid,Mosaic virus,Aphis gosspyii,Bemisia tabaci,Chlorophyll,Enzymes,Squash silver disorders,Silver leaf,White fly
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17030.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17030_11c91f6efeecc414bffc7c0b24d8d900.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Leopard Moth Borer, Zeuzera pyrina L. (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) Threat to Olive Trees, Olea europaea L. (Lamiales: Oleaceae) in Fayoum Governorate and Its Suppressing Trials Using IPM Tactics
99
107
EN
Ahmed
Merghem
Department of Wood borers and Termites, Plant Protection Research Institute.
Abd Al-Aziz
Ahmed
- Department of Olive Research, Horticultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17031
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Olive tree, <em>Olea europaea</em> L. (Lamiales:<br />Oleaceae) is an economically important and strategic crop which widely spreads<br />throughout the Mediterranean basin countries including Egypt. It suffers from<br />several serious insect pest attacks especially those arising from wood-boring<br />insects such as leopard moth, <em>Zeuzera pyrina</em> L. (Lepidoptera: Cossidae).<br />Present study concerns with the dispersion power of this cossid borer attacking<br />olive groves at several localities in Fayoum governorate. Additionally,<br />population fluctuation, infestation rates and degrees have been studied </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-AE; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">recording the highest levels of infestation reaching<br />74% and 4.4 hole/tree, respectively whereas </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.15pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">the lowest levels of infestation were 15% rate of<br />infestation and 1.2 hole/tree degree of infestation. </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Trials to suppress these attacks using IPM tactics<br />were applied with agricultural processes; pruning and mechanical control,<br />biological control tools using the green lacewing predator, </span><em><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Chrysoperla carnea </span></em><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">(</span><span style="font-family: 'TimesNewRomanPSMT','serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-family: TimesNewRomanPSMT; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Stephens) (Neuroptera:<br />Chrysopidae)</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"> release in addition to chemical pesticide usage<br />(Cidial-L 50%).</span>
Leopard moth Zeuzera pyrina,IPM Fayoum governorate Olive tree Olea europaea Green lacewing predator Chrysoperla carnea
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17031.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17031_e0f18df1b78e8acaacc57e656464333e.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Impact of Neem Extracts, Azadirachta indica A. Juss Induced against Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) Attacking Date Palm Orchards in Egypt
109
117
EN
Ahmed
Merghem
Department of Wood borers and Termites, Plant Protection Research Institute
Abd Al-Rahman
Mohamed
Central Laboratory for Date Palm Research and Development, Agricultural Research Centre Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17032
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Red palm weevil (RPW),<em> Rhynchophorus<br />ferrugineus</em> (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is considered to be the<br />most devastating boring pest attacking the date palm trees, <em>Phoenix dactylifera</em><br />L. (Arecales: Arecaceae). During this study the date palm orchards were<br />investigated at Ismailia governorate in Egypt to throughout 2015-2016 and<br />results revealed the wide distribution of RPW with high infestation rates at<br />the visited localities. Rates and degrees of infestation were detected through<br />the attacked spots showing a direct proportional rate with the total planted<br />date palm trees in each location recording a highest infestation rate of 91.6%<br />and a maximum infestation degree was 3.4 hole/ tree. Least average infestation<br />levels were 14.9% and 1.19 hole/ tree. Extracts of neem seeds<span style="color: black;">, </span><em>Azadirachta indica</em> A. Juss(<span style="background: white;">Sapindales: </span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;"><span style="color: windowtext; font-size: 10pt; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Meliaceae</span></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">)<br />were tested in the laboratory against the RPW stages using organic solvents in<br />addition to the commercial Nemazal brand as a comparison treatment. Laboratory<br />experiments revealed a potential effect of the used titers againstboth adult and larval <em>R. ferrugineus</em> stagesresulting in high mortality rates reached 85.4 and 79.5%<br />on average for larval and adult stages, respectively. Consequent field trials<br />with such agents were conducted on both remedial and protective scales<br />revealing a considerable reduction of infestation was 60.8% and 53.1% repellency<br />on average for all applied treatments. Field trials proved the possibility of<br />those treatments usage in the control programs of that borer in Egypt. </span>
Rhynchophorus ferrugineus,Phoenix dactylifera,Egypt,Neem tree Extracts,Azadirachta indica
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17032.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17032_a18c8e7742a0fabb2d3235222f3ba041.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Internet of Things (IoT) To Control The Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch in Green houses
119
128
EN
Rania
Ahmed
Abd El-Wahab
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt
rania-proline@hotmail.com
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17033
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Internet of things (IoT) technology declared its<br />effects in agriculture generally and for pests’ control specifically. <span class="error">IoT</span> is able to do many tasks in greenhouses which were<br />infested with the two-spotted spider <span class="error">mite</span>, <span class="error"><em>Tetranychus urticae</em></span>. The full automated system<br />depended on the wireless protocol that used sensors, Arduino, geographic<br />information system (GIS), global system for mobile communication (GSM), etc.,<br />for data collection, processing, and others. It could be effective for pest<br />monitoring, then data transference and finally decisions related to <span class="grammar">the activation of</span> the distinctive procedure automatically.<br />Such technology can direct even light or sound or both to let particular<br />predator come and victual its prey with little efforts than occurred in<br />control. Drone with light emitting diodes (LEDs) caused more than 90% reduction<br />of infestation with most used colors by attracting specific predators to both<br />exposed types, green and red, of <em>T. urticae</em>. Also but with little<br />difference, recorded voices of adult <span class="error">females</span> of <em>T. urticae</em>in<br />the case of high infestations, showed their effectiveness to attract predators<br />to cause reduction with <span class="grammar">about</span> 80%. In other words,<br />the precision agricultural system is so close for being applied to control<br />mites through IoT as an advanced technology in both open fields and greenhouses<br />successfully.</span>
Internet of Things,Tetranychus,Arduino,Diodes,Voices,Predators
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17033.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17033_bffe08c8cffdc4f6a9c17e429c471cee.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Field Evaluation of Date Palm Dust Mite, Oligonychus afrasiaticus (McGregor) Control on Date Palm Trees in New Valley Governorate of Egypt
129
134
EN
Ashraf
S.
El-halawany
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
dr_ashraf_said@yahoo.com
Ahmed
S.
Sanad
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Mohammed
A.
Rakha
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17034
The old world date mite (dust mite) <em>Oligonychus afrasiaticus</em> (McGregor) is one of the major pests of date fruit in the New Valley Governorate of Egypt. This pest mite affects the fruits of palm trees during the growth and ripening stages as they sucking the fruit juice, leading to stop fruit growth and destroying the crop. This research was carried out in Sharq El-Owainat province for evaluating the effects of biochemical acaricide (Vertimec 1.8% EC as 40 ml/100 liter of water), four acaricides (i.e. Abroch 5% SC as 50 ml/100 L of water, Challenger Super 24% SC as 60 ml/100 L of water, Envidor 24% SC as 30 ml /100 L of water and <strong>Ortus Super 5% EC </strong>as 50 ml/100 L of water), one insecticide (<strong>Tafaban 48% EC as </strong>300 ml/ 100 L of water<strong>),</strong> a mineral oil (<strong>KZ oil 95% EC </strong>as 1L/100 L of water), sulfur (Micronite 80% WP as 500 g/100 L of water) and water for <em>O. afrasiaticus</em> in two date palm cultivars Barhi and Bartmoda. Results indicated that in date palm cultivar Barhi, Challenger Super and Vertimec were the most effective ones in reducing date palm mite population reaching 91.93% and 91.60%, respectively, followed by Abroch, Ortus Super, Tafaban and Envidor which gave reduction ranged between 85.07% to 87.74%. Micronite, KZ oil and water gave reduction between 71.77 and 82.82% after two weeks of application. Challenger Super, Vertimec, Ortus Super and Envidor were the most effective ones in reducing <em>O. afrasiaticus</em> population reaching 95.37%, 94.18%, 91.05% and 90.34%, respectively in date palm cultivar Bartmoda. Abroch, KZ oil, Tafaban, and Micronite was gave reductions between 77.79% and 82.74%. The lowest was water (61.93%) after two weeks of application.We suggest that use Challenger Super, Vertimec, Ortus Super and Envidor were the most effective ones in reducing <em>O. afrasiaticus</em> populations.
Acaricides,Dust mite,Tetranychidae,fruit trees,date palm
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17034.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17034_45b0325373a2ef1df4fdfa5df1c4bf70.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Biochemical Parameters, Toxicity, Development and Reproductive Effects of Two Novel Insecticides on Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
135
147
EN
Hatem
A.
E.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
a_hattem@yahoo.com
Sorour
H.
A.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
Hassan
A.
T.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17035
The response of the cotton leafworm, <em>Spodoptera littoralis</em> (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), to lethal, sublethal and biochemical parameters effects of clothianidin and metaflumizonewere determined by a leaf dipping technique bioassays. Mortality of newly molted 4<sup>th</sup> instar larvae increased with the concentration resulting LC<sub>50 </sub>values of 70.24 ppm and 20.41 ppm, for clothiandin and metaflumizone respectively.
Sublethal effects were studied by treatment of 4<sup>th</sup> instar larvae with a concentration equivalent to LC<sub>50. </sub>The larval development time, from treatment until pupation, of the survivors were significantly increased in both insecticides, the pupation period shorted significantly for both sex but shorted insignificantly in male pupa treated with clothianidin, and the weighty of pupa was reduced significantly in both insecticides. However, no significant differences were found in the oviposition and oviposition days viability and percentage of egg viability, but significant differences were found in the preoviposition days when larvae treated with metaflumizone, fecundity percentage decreased in both insecticides and adult longevity was shorted in either both sex or both insecticides.
Biochemical analysis indicated that while treatment of 4th instar larvae with LC50 of both pesticides had no significant effect on acetylcholine esterase activity (AChE) in larval homogenate, it significantly decreased larval contents of total protein and total carbohydrates, reduced alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and esterase (EST) activities, and increased glutathione-s-transferase (GST) acitivity.
Sublethal concentration,fecundity,egg viability,adult longevity,biochemical parameters
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17035.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17035_c5869622d22506b439562e448a729ae2.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Nutritional Preference of Egyptian Fruit Bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus (Geoffroy) in Relation to its Control under Laboratory and Field Conditions
149
155
EN
Eisa
Y.E.
A.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17036
Food preference and daily consumption of materials by the Egyptian fruit bat <em>Rousettus aegyptiacus</em> (Geoffroy) were investigated under laboratory conditions using free and non-choice feeding methods<strong>. </strong>The obtained results revealed that the acceptance of these materials to fruit bat relatively differed according to the type of materials and applied feeding method<strong>. </strong>Using none choice feeding method among the fruit, white mulberry was the highest accepted one to bats, while, black berry was the lowest. On the other hand, strawberry fruits ranked the first order between vegetable materials, while broad bean was the lowest one in fruitbat preference. At the same time, a tomato fruit was highly accepted by fruit bats as introduced food<strong>.</strong> The ratio of consumed diet and body weight considerably differed according to type of diet and reached the maximum in case of strawberry fruits to the ratio 90.6 % from bat body weight using free choice method<strong>. </strong>Under laboratory conditions, when zinc phosphid used in different concentrations mixed with pressed dates (Agwa) as bait, the obtained results indicated that the 1.5 % concentration achieved complete mortality (100 %) for the fruit bat community.Under the field conditions, of the Pyramids region, Giza Governorate, Zinc phosphide caused 78.2 % population reduction of the bat <em>R.</em> <em>aegyptiacus</em><strong>. </strong>
Sublethal concentration,fecundity,egg viability,adult longevity,biochemical parameters
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17036.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17036_795f47ff91deaad7095673f4ff16f6a9.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Photocatalytic Degradation of Carbamate Pesticide (methomyl) Using Synthesized TiO2 Nanoparticles Against the Cotton Leafworm S. littoralis
157
168
EN
A.
M.
Shaker
Sids Agric. Res. Station, Plant Protection Res. Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt
amshaker2003@gmail.com
A.
H.
Zaki
Materials science and nanotechnology y dept., Faculty of postgraduate studies for advanced sciences, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
El-ham
F.
Abdel-Rahim
Sids Agric. Res. Station, Plant Protection Res. Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt
M.
H.
Khedr
Materials science and nanotechnology y dept., Faculty of postgraduate studies for advanced sciences, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17037
Photodegredation and mineralization of<br />pesticides has becomes the key concern of scientific community. The main cause<br />of Pesticide pollution is the excessive use of pesticides. Mainly in<br />agriculture Estimated 1 to 2.5 million tons of active pesticide ingredients are<br />used each year causing environmental pollution Pesticide pollution emerges as<br />the serious environmental concern. The nanotechnology plays an important role<br />for solving this problem using TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles which could<br />successfully eliminate the harmful pesticide toxicity under the sunlight<br />radiation within a very short time. In this study three treatments of the 2<sup>nd</sup><br />and 4<sup>th</sup> instars of laboratory strain of <em>Spodoptera littoralis </em>larvae<br />used and feed on three groups of cotton leaf plant the first group sprayed with<br />solution mixture of the methomyl and TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles the second<br />group sprayed with methomyl alone the third group sprayed with distilled water<br />as control. The experiment was evaluated at 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 12 days after the<br />treatment. It is noticed that the insect feed on methomyl alone has large<br />percentage of mortality than the insects treated with mixture compared by zero<br />mortality % for the insects treated with distilled water. The mortality %<br />varied accord to the larval instar as for methomyl<br />alone the mortality % was 100, 100, 100, 100, 100, 80 and 100, 100, 100, 100,<br />100, 75 for 2<sup>nd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup> instars<br />respectively. And mortality % for methomyl (TiO<sub>2</sub>) NPs<br />mixture was 80, 70, 65, 60, 55, 50 and<br />100, 75, 60, 55, 50, 50 for 2<sup>nd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup><br />instars respectively. The<br />treatments had a latent effect on the biological activities of the insect as<br />adult and pupa longevity, fecundity, hatchability morphogenic abnormality and<br />pupal weight.
Photodegredation. TiO2 nanoparticles. Carbamate Pesticide,Spodoptera littoralis
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17037.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17037_c037c4409c333ae2aef91d963d30de36.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Ultrasonic Emulsification and Characterizations of Bio-based Nanoemulsion Formulations Containing Citral with Their Antimicrobial Activity
169
182
EN
Gehan
I. Kh.
Marei
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
Entsar
I.
Rabea
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
Mohamed
E. I.
Badawy
Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, 21545 El -Shatby, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17038
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">Natural antimicrobial agents, particularly<br />essential oils existing broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, unique<br />mechanisms of action and low tendency to induce resistance. However, their<br />potential as a viable antimicrobial alternative greatly compromised due to<br />their hydrophobic and volatile nature. The current study deals with the<br />formulation and characterization of bio-based oil in water (O/W) nanoemulsions<br />and their potential antimicrobial activity against some plant pathogens.<br />Nanoemulsion was prepared using citral as the oil phase, chitosan as a<br />biopolymer carrier, tween 80 as a surfactant, and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP)<br />as a polyanioncrosslinker by ultrasonication method. The success of formulation<br />was confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy<br />(SEM) techniques. Physical stability and viscosity were investigated in<br />details. The antibacterial activity of formulations were evaluated against <em>Erwinia<br />carotovora</em> using ELISA technique by measuring the minimum inhibitory<br />concentration (MIC). The results of DLS and SEM measurements showed that the<br />nanoemulsions had a nearly polydispersity index(PDI) ranged from 0.508 to 0.614<br />and these values decrease when the concentration of the citral increase.<br />Particle size analysis showed that the mean particle sizes of these<br />formulations ranged from 27 to 1283 nm. Stability studies showed that the<br />formulations were stable under centrifugation test at 5000 rpm for 30 min. Stability<br />under different storage temperature showed that the five formulations were<br />stable with no phase separation for the duration of 1 month at 25°C and 4°C.<br />The antibacterial activity of the essential oil against <em>E.carotovora</em> was<br />enhanced considerably when it was converted into a nanoemulsion, which was<br />attributed to easier access of the essential oils to the bacterial cells. The<br />highest antibacterial activity (MIC= 23 mg/L) was observed with the low<br />concentration of citral, which had the lowest Particle size value (27 nm).</span>
Citral,Chitosan,Nanoemulsion,Ultrasonication,SEM,DLS,antimicrobial activity
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17038.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17038_b7decc65ecc31f636cf48f82507dab03.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Insecticidal Activities of Some Actinomycete Strains Isolated from the Egyptian Sinai Soils
183
190
EN
Abdel-Rahman
A.
G.
Plant Protection Department, Desert Research Center, Mataria, Cairo, Egypt
B.
M.
Refaat
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
M.
Helal
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
A.
A.
Kobisi
Plant Protection Department, Desert Research Center, Mataria, Cairo, Egypt
kobisinaser@gmail.com
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17039
Seventy three pure actinomycete colonies were isolated from 48rhizospheric soil samples revealing different locations in Sinai. These isolates were subjected for measurement of their insecticidal activities against the greater wax moth <em>Galleria mellonella</em> L. of them seven isolates (S6, S13, S16, S23, S27, S35 and S36) were found as the most potent and were chosen for detailed toxicological studies. Their LC<sub>50</sub> values were 25.23, 36.80, 55.96, 52.02, 54.19, 54.52 and 32.88 mg/ml, respectively. The most potent isolate (S6) was isolated from the rhizosphere of <em>Tamarix nilatie</em> plants grown in a sandy soil at El-Tor area and taxonomically was identified as<em> Streptomyces lavendulae</em>.
Actinomycete strains. Galleria mellonella L
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17039.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17039_7e9684434e6513bd6f628ef4581482fe.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Control of leopard Zeuzera pyrina (L.) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae), by imidaclorprid in olive Trees.
191
195
EN
Sabbour
M.
M.
Department of Pests and Plant Protection, Agriculture Division. National research Center 33rd El -Bohouth St. - Dokki, Giza, Egypt
sabbourm@yahoo.com
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17040
Olive tree is subjected to attack by many insect pest species that effect on the yield quality and quantity. Among the most common pest species surveyed in Egypt is; the leopard <em>Zeuzera pyrina</em> (L.) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae), which considered a serious pest in olive fields causing a lot of damage and loss in olive trees. Imidacloprid is one of the natural insecticide cause the infestations decrease of many insect pests. The effect of Imidacloprid was tested under laboratory and field conditions against <em>Z. pyrina</em>. Results showed that the LC<sub>50</sub> of Imidacloprid recoded 120 ppm when <em>Z. pyrina</em> treated with different concentrations. When the nano imidaclorprid applied on the target pests the LC<sub>50</sub> recorded 47 ppm. Under field conditions, the infestations were significantly decreased to 23±8.9 and13±2.1 individuals after treated with Imidacloprid in Ebn Malek and Ismailia, respectively. In the same last places the nano Imidacloprid application showed a significant decrease in the pests infestations reached to 15±5.1 and 6±6.6 larvae as compared to 95±1.9 and 96±3.4 larvae in the control. The yields weights in both two regions were significantly increased as the result of nano imidacloprid applications.
Zeuzera pyrina,Imidaclorprid,Nano,olive
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17040.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17040_f0772ef21ed47bdb5d8ae62e3fdfd6d6.pdf
Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences
Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control
2090-0791
2090-0864
9
3
2017
12
01
Control of Root Lesion Nematode Pratylenchus spp. Infesting Potato Cv. Spunta Under Field Conditions Through Biotic Products.
197
202
EN
Hoda
Hussein Amin
Mohammed
Plant Pathology Department, Nematology Lab., National Research Centre Buhouth st. Dokki, Giza Egypt
Usamy
Samy Fathy
Elkelany
Plant Pathology Department, Nematology Lab., National Research Centre Buhouth st. Dokki, Giza Egypt.
usamasamy_nrc@yahoo.com
10.21608/eajbsf.2017.17041
In Egypt potato is the most popular solanaceous vegetables either for local consumption and exportation. Previous investigations showed that potato have been attacked by many plant parasitic nematodes. The root-lesion nematodes (<em>Pratylenchus </em>spp<em>.</em>) are economically the most important plant pathogens after root knot nematodes. They cause an average growth inhibition of 59.6% of infected potato seedlings with losses in tuber yields of 20-50% and in total plant weight of 50%.Producers have relied mainly on nematicides and chemical fertilizers to control plant parasitic nematodes and improved soil fertility, but their applications are associated with myriads of problems on human health and environment. Due to the consumer demand for chemicals-free food the main goal of this work is to evaluate the potentialities of some commercial bioproducts in controlling root lesion nematodes <em>Pratylenchus </em>spp. infecting potato cv. Spunta and improving yield production, under field conditions. The bioagents that have been assessed and their commercial name are Microbien containing the N2 fixing bacteria <em>Pseudomonas </em>spp. and <em>Bacillus megatherium</em>, Potassiumag containing the potassium solubilizing bacterium <em>Bacillus</em><em> circulanes</em> and Phosphorine contain the phosphorus solubilizing bacterium <em>Bacillus megatherium</em> ,Nemafree containing <em>Serratia spp</em>. ,theStanes Symbion VAM Plus containing the vascular arbiscular miccorhiza <em>Glomus fasciculatum </em> and the Stanes Sting containing the rhizobacteria <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>. A field experiment was conducted at Kafr-kandeel village, Giza governorate, Egyptto investigate the integration effects between these products to control <em>Pratylenchus pp.</em> and improve potato yield production cv. Spunta. The combined treatments are 1-Biofertilizers (Microbien, Phosphorine, Potassiumag) 2- Biofertilizers plus stanes Symbion, 3- Biofertilizers plus Nemafree4- Biofertilizers, plus Stanes Sting 5- untreated plant using as control. Obtained results after three months showed that all the tested combinations reduced <em>Pratylenchus </em>spp<em>. </em>both in soil and rootsby different rates, as well as increased potato yield production as compared to untreated control treatment. The highest increase in potato yield production 30% over control resulted from the application of the bionematicides Stanes Sting containing <em>Bacillus subtilis </em>in combination with the biofertilizers Microbien, Phosphorine and Potassiumag.
Root Lesion Nematode . Egypt potato
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17041.html
https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17041_cbc046c46fa4f0c5e0ecd60a6c51b60f.pdf