@article { author = {Abd El-Wareth, H. and M., Garhy and M., El-Zoghby}, title = {Quick Lime is an Effective Rice Grains Protectant Against the First Instar Larvae of Sitotroga cerealella (oliver) (Lepedoptera: Gelichiidae) in Stored Rice Grains under Laboratory and Store Conditions.}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {1-12}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0791}, eissn = {2090-0864}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsf.2016.17109}, abstract = {Laboratory and store assessments were carried out to investigate the efficiency of the quick lime as natural component with non chemical residues and harmful side effects. Great energy produced when acts with water insect gut, caused death. The two pathogenic fungal strains Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) and Beauveria bassiana (Balsam) were tested on the first instar larvae of Sitotroga cerealilla on stored unhusked rice grains udder laboratory and store conditions. The quick lime powder was used at the quantities of 100, 150 and 200 g. / kg. rice grains Giza178,and the two fungal pathogenic strains, each at the concentrations of 1x108, 1.25 x108 and 1.5 x 108spores/ml. Malathion 5% super dust was applied at the quantities of 0.125, 0.250 and 0.5 g. / kg. infestation free of unhusked rice grains. Higher mortality percentages were obtained with quick lime at the quantity of 200 g. / kg. was 97.75 followed by Malthion super dust 82.75 % at the quantity of 0.5 /kg. on rice grains after 72 h. M. anisopliae was the third at the concentration of 1.5 x 108 spores / ml. was 81.75 % while B. bassiana was the least at 1.5 x 108 spores / ml. was 75.5 % after 7 days in the laboratory conditions. In the store conditions, quick lime also achieved higher mortality percentage at the concentration of 300 g / kg. and the average mortality percentage was 91.46 followed by Malathion 85.41% at 1.0 g / kg.. M. anisopliae and B. bassiana achieved 71.27 and 61.39 %, respectively. Quick lime powder and the insecticide Malathion 5% super dust represents quick and higher mortality percentages after 24, 48and 72 h. in the laboratory while M. anisopliae has considerable mortality percentages and B. bassiana was the least mortality percentages after 3, 5 and 7 days.}, keywords = {Quick lime,stored rice grains,Sitotroga cerealella,Natural component,Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana}, url = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17109.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17109_3e50cf53ba0b03c989481d1ebabbd49f.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El-Kareem, Sara}, title = {Efficacy of Three Bioinsecticide and A methomyl Insecticide Against Cotton Leafworm Larvae, Spodoptera littoralis under Controlled Semi-field Conditions at El-Behara Governorate}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {13-18}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0791}, eissn = {2090-0864}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsf.2016.17111}, abstract = {In order to evaluate the effect of time elapse and field conditions on the efficacy of three bioinsecticides and a methomyl insecticide against cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis, 2nd and 4th instar larvae, a semi-field experiment was designated. The study was carried out throughout 2015 and 2016 growing seasons at El-Dakhaly village, the western side of Rashid branch, Kom Hamada Center, Beheira Governorate. Obtained results showed gradual increased mortality rates when 2nd and 4th instar larvae of S. littoralis fed on treated cotton leaves with LC50 of tested bioinsecticides until reaching the 5th day post application. Starting from the 6th day post application a gradual increased larval mortality rates were observed in both 2nd and 4th instar larvae in both growing seasons. Obtained data also showed gradual decrease in mortality rates was observed along nine days post application with LC25 of Kuik® in both 2015 and 2016 growing seasons.}, keywords = {Cotton leafworm,Spodopteralittoralis,semi-field conditions,Methomyl,Kuik® bioinsecticides,Btk,Sli NPV}, url = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17111.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17111_11bf76860a492f9e5374678edc8b7899.pdf} } @article { author = {Abou El-Nour, Basma}, title = {Efficiency of Acaricides Ortus on Some Biological Aspects of Tetranychus urticae Koch and its Predaceous mite, Euseius scutalis Athias-Henriot under Laboratory Conditions}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {19-26}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0791}, eissn = {2090-0864}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsf.2016.17112}, abstract = {The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari; Tetranychidae), is one of the most important pest worldwide. It is a major pest of crops, orchard trees, ornamental, medicinal plant and vegetable crops .Therefore, new approaches in mites control were applied, particularly the use of plant extracts that have received recently considerable attention. Many trials all over the world have succeeded through the use of bio-pesticides in controlling mite pests in different orchards and field crops. Members of the family Phytoseiidae are the most effective and wide spread predators of injurious plant-feeding mites. The twospotted spider mite develops a resistance to most acaricides after prolonged use. Nevertheless, acaricides are used on a large scale to control phytophagous mites, thus affecting the population of phytoseiid mites Tawfiq and Isra (2013). There were side effects of the acaricides on the abundance of its associated natural enemies and effect on the biological aspects of the most important predaceous mites (Euseius scutalis Athias-Henriot).  Some of the most common problems encountered during biological control for two spotted spider mites first, improper timing of the release ofpredator, so effectively use biological control is when the pests are at relatively low levels. Second, cultural or chemical practices which adversely affect the natural enemy.}, keywords = {Acaricides,Tetranychus urticae Koch,Euseius scutalis Athias-Henrio,biological aspects}, url = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17112.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17112_4982d54f1010339e9f9e9711fce8594a.pdf} } @article { author = {Taha, Hanan and Al-Hadek, Mona}, title = {Effect of Methoxyfenzoid, Indoxacarb and Emmamectin Benzoate on Carbohydrate and Phosphatase Enzymes of Tuta Absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae).}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {27-34}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0791}, eissn = {2090-0864}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsf.2016.17114}, abstract = {The effect of Methoxyfenzoid, Indoxacarb and Emmamectin Benzoate on Carbohydrate and Phosphatase Enzymes of field collected Tuta Absoluta was investigated. Toxicity results against third instar larvae showed LC50 values was (50.77 ppm, 2.33 ppm and 0.22 ppm) for Methoxyfenzoid, Indoxacarb and Emmamectin Benzoate respectively. Additional results, indoxacarb and emmamectin benzoate are faster to kill than methoxyfenzoid where LT50 was (1420.8 min 1469.9 min and 2629.3 min) respectively. The biochemical results showed high increase in trehalase and acid phosphatase (17.93, 7.83%) respectively and slight increase in invertase and amylase activities (2.51 and 0.039%) respectively when treated with indoxacarb comparing the other two insecticide.  }, keywords = {Tuta absoluta,Methoxyfenzoid,Indoxacarb,Emmamectin Benzoate,acid,alkaline phosphatases and carbohydrate enzymes (trehalase,invertase and amylase}, url = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17114.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17114_87b9c5fc2c6fb938310e8af37365a2a2.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El-Wahab, A. and El -Bendary, H.}, title = {Nano Silica as A promising Nano Pesticide to Control Three Different Aphid Species Under Semi-field Conditions in Egypt}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {35-49}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0791}, eissn = {2090-0864}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsf.2016.17117}, abstract = {Study the effect of nano silica hydrophilic in comparison with Silica & Lambada as a recommended insecticide against three different economical aphids in Egypt; Myzus persica, Acyrthosiphon pisum and Aphis craccivora (Homoptera: Aphididae) was the aim of this investigation. The study was done throughout the period extended from November, 2015 to February, 2016. The main tested materials was applied as foliar spray on faba beans (Vicia faba L.) the greenhouse and after that fed to either winged or wingless aphids. Faba beans leaves were treated with different concentrations ofsilica, “lambada” 500 ppm, nano-silica hydrophilic; 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm. Results proved that mortality rate among tested aphids in any of the treatments were directly correlated with the increase in concentration. Also, wingless or wingless aphids gave 100% mortality for all nano concentrations used seven days post investigation the same result observed with silica alone treatment where Lambada gave rates of mortality in the range (46-66%). Then direct spraying winged and wingless was investigated, Results showed that both winged and wingless had close mortality responses %. Where it recorded 68, 100, 84, 94, 98 and 100 mortality % with winged Myzus persica, also mortality % 64, 100, 80, 90, 96, and 98 % with wingless Myzus persica. While it was 74, 100, 86, 96, 100 and 100 % with wingless Acyrthosiphon pisum and 70, 70, 100, 86, 98, 100 and 98 mortality % with winged Acyrthosiphon pisum. The mortality % was 70, 100, 84, 92, 100 and 100 % with winged Aphis craccivora and finally mortality % recorded 74, 100, 90, 96, 100 and 100% with wingless Aphis craccivora Usingsilica, lambada, nano-silica hydrophilic 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm, respectively.  This investigation recommends nano silica hydrophilic at 500 ppm concentration as a promising control method for aphis in Egypt.}, keywords = {aphids,winged,Wingless biological parameters mortality nano-insecticide nano silica hydrophilic}, url = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17117.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17117_3e5cc0cb92527eba32c20f0bbe40b9d7.pdf} } @article { author = {Mikhail, W. and Sobhy, H. and Gaffar, S. and Omar, H. and Elmasry, A.}, title = {Evaluation Effectiveness of Some Insecticides in Controlling Tomato Leafminer, Tuta. absoluta in the Lab.}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {51-61}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0791}, eissn = {2090-0864}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsf.2016.17118}, abstract = {Four bio-insecticides and one chemical insecticides were evaluated for their effectiveness in the control of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on tomato plant. The effect of insecticides against larvae was estimated after 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days from application. The bio-chemical insecticides were Spinosad (Tracer 25%), Bacillus thurngiensis (Diple-2x 6.4%), Azadirachtiin (Neemix 4.5%) and Mineral oil (Petroleum derivative). The one chemical insecticide was Chlorantraniliprole (Coragen 20%). The bio-insecticides Mineral oil was more effective in the control of T. absoluta infesting tomato leaves, followed by Spinosad 25%, then Azadirachtiin 4.5% and least by Bacillus thurngiensis 6.4% after 14 days. But the chemical insecticides Chlorantraniliprole 20% was the most effective in reducing infestation of T. absoluta four bio-insecticides, these effects were concentration dependent of the tested bio-insecticides. The different efficacies of the considered bio- or chemical insecticides are discussed with regard to their mode of action. From results indicated Chlorantraniliprole was highest percentage of mortality after 24, 48 and 72 hours in 2nd and 4th instar. But Mineral oil showed lowest percentage of mortality after 24, 48 and 72 hours. Also, current study indicated some larvae were in mine, leaf surface and missing, the larvae number in mine was more from leaf surface and missing after used all insecticides under study.}, keywords = {chemical insecticides,bio-insecticides,leafminer,T. absoluta larvae,tomato plant}, url = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17118.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17118_dd9040a3c7f82f140a411350793952bd.pdf} } @article { author = {Mikhail, W. and Sobhy, H. and Gaffar, S. and Omar, H. and Elmasry, A.}, title = {Monitoring Effects of Pheromone with Some Bio and Chemical Insecticides in Controlling Heliothis armigera on Tomato Plant}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {63-72}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0791}, eissn = {2090-0864}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsf.2016.17119}, abstract = {The field experiment was carried out for the control of tomato fruit borer (Heliothis armigera) during the period from March 2013 (spring season) to June 2013 (summer season) to evaluate effectiveness of some bio-chemical insecticides with pheromone and Egg parasitoid of Trichogramma against mal moth of H. armigera to pest management practice in tomato. Also, in this study was evaluated the efficacy spinosad treatment on the same insect in two varieties from tomato plant (Supper strean and Casle rock) through the period of (29/6/2014 to 16/9/2014). Data were taken as number of fruit borer larvae (mal moths/trap/week). The results indicated the treatments (Neem + Trichogramma + pheromone) was more efficient than all treatments which was given mean number 3.64/trap, but  (Mineral oil + Trichogramma + pheromone) was lowest efficient recorded mean number 12/trap, compassion with control 14.5/trap in spring plantation 2013. But in summer season the treatment (Mineral oil + Trichogramma + pheromone) was more efficient which recorded 4.00/trap and (Chemical + pheromone) was less efficient recorded 22.82/trap. In this study the efficacy of Spinosad treatment on supper streann was higher than casle rock. Which given numbers mean 2.00 comparing 2.5 for casle rock. Finally the use botanical neem and mineral oil with Trichogrammma and pheromone showed high efficiency on (Heliothis armigera). Also, the results indicate that it can recommend use spinosad treatment on supper streann}, keywords = {Bio-chemical insecticides,pheromone,Trichogrammma,Heliothis armigera,tomato plant}, url = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17119.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17119_166195e66848d8dce511aa4c2c1081cf.pdf} } @article { author = {Dahi, H. and E., Gamil and M., El-Zoghby}, title = {Efficacy of Some Biopesticides and Their Field Persistence on Cotton Plants Against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.)}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {73-80}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0791}, eissn = {2090-0864}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsf.2016.17120}, abstract = {Bioinsecticides considered a one of the safest method for pest control. A field study was conducted to compare the efficiency of the two types of bioinsecticides with two different mode of action against Egyptian cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). The recommended rate of these insecticides was sprayed on the foliage of cotton plants in the field and the reduction % were recorded after 2,4,6,8 days. Also, semi field studies were conducted to determine the latent effects of tested bioinsecticides on biological aspects. The results revealed that Spinetoram filed treatment recorded the highest reduction present  95.5% after 2 days and reduced gradually to 74.0% after 8 days with general mean 85.1%, while Dipel 2X, caused 24.8% reduction percent after 2 days and increased gradually up to 86.7 % after 8 days with general mean 55.9 %. Semi filed studied explained that; Spinetoram treatment was more effective on 2nd and 4th S. littoralis biological aspects than Dipel 2X treatment, specially; larval mortality, pupal mortality, adult emergence, malformed adult % fecundity and fertility. These results indicated that Spinetoram had the potentiality to be promising substitutes of conventional toxicants for S. littoralis control under field conditions.}, keywords = {Spodoptera littoralis,Cotton leafworm,bioinsecticides,Field persistence,Residual activity,Latent effects,Spinetoram,Dipel 2X}, url = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17120.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17120_ec7f17834f2e448c8dc15ea611b3f5c1.pdf} } @article { author = {M., El-Fakharany}, title = {Population Density and Effect of Some Toxic Compounds on Aphis gosspyii Glover and their Predators, Parasitoids and Major Elements in Okra Plants}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {81-92}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0791}, eissn = {2090-0864}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsf.2016.17121}, abstract = {Field experiments were conducted during 2014 and 2015 seasons at El-Riad, Kafr El-Sheikh governorate, to study the population density of Aphis gosspyiiGlover, predators and parasitoids on different okra varieties; white velvet, Sakha1 and balady. Also, efficiencies of certain compounds; Imidacloprid, Primicarb, Acetamipirid, Primiphos-methyl and Azadirachtin in reducing the population density of A. gosspyii and their side effects on predators and parasitoids were evaluated. In addition, chlorophyll content and major elements; potassium (K), nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) in okra leaves were assessed. The population densities of A. gosspyii and chlorophyll content were higher on balady cultivar than on other cultivars. Significant differences were found among three cultivars on population density of A. gosspyii.  Population densities of predators were lower on Balady than on other cultivars in the two seasons, except syrphids in 2015 season. Syrphids induced high significant reduction in aphid population in 2014 and Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondami) in 2015. The population density of A. gosspyii, parasitism (mummification), parasitoid Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) and hyperparasitoid, Pachyneuron aphidis(Bouché) were recorded in May, June and July on white velvet and Sakha 1, while no parasitism was detected on Balady cv. All the tested compounds showed a high effect, in reducing the population A. gossypii. Also, Pirimi adwia and Etox induced a high effect on predators followed by Volley and Egydoor that were of moderate effect, while the other compounds induced the lowest. In addition, Pirimi adwia and Cezar were the highest harmful compound in reducing the parasitoid, L. fabarum population followed by Etox and Egydoor, while Volley and Safe oil was the least effects. Chlorophyll content and elements (K, N and P %) significant differences were found with the treatments. Chlorophyll content increased significantly by Pirimi adwia, Cezar and Volley treatments, while it was the least with Confidate treatment on leaves okra. Also, K% had the highest with safe oil followed by Etox and Pirimi adwia treatments, while it was the least with Cezar and Volley. In addition, N% had the lowest with safe oil and Confidate treatment, while it was the highest with Pirimi adwia treatment. P% had the highest with safe oil.}, keywords = {Aphis gosspyii,Predators,Parasitoids,density,okra,varieties,Compounds,chlorophyll content,major elements}, url = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17121.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17121_aab62fe165d67f46ce59308c605d5eb6.pdf} } @article { author = {H., El-Dewy and El-Nagar, Jehan}, title = {Monitoring Aphis gossypii Glover Resistance to Certain Insecticides in Cotton Fields and Activity of Some Detoxification Enzymes}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {93-102}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0791}, eissn = {2090-0864}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsf.2016.17122}, abstract = {Aphids resistance to insecticides is an increasing problem because insecticides are an integrated part of high–yielding  productive of cotton.  Therefore, aphid population, Aphis gossypii Glover collected from cotton fields at the Sakha Agric. Res. Station Farm, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt, in 2014 and 2015 seasons, was screened for resistance to five insecticides belonged to different groups in addition to activity of some detoxification enzymes. Generally, aphid population was less susceptible to all the tested insecticides in season of 2015 than 2014. Results of LC50 s indicated that carbosufan was the most toxic insecticide against laboratory strain of A. gossypii. Malathion in season of 2014 and carbosulfan, imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos in season of 2015 gave the highest toxic effect against the field population, while lambda-cyhalothrin exhibited the least toxic effect against both laboratory strain and the field population. Field population showed high resistance to carbosulfan in the two seasons, while resistance to malathion was moderate in the second season only. The resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid was low in the two study seasons. Based on the susceptibility factor, chlorpyrifos only could be effective against aphids at recommended field rate in the two study seasons, while malathion was effective in season of 2014 only. Activity of AChE and α-esterase was higher in the field population than the laboratory strain in the two seasons. The field aphids exhibited high concentration of total protein compared to the laboratory strain, while the reverse was found in case of lipids. However, the obtained results could be useful in developing an integrated insect management programs in cotton fields.}, keywords = {Cotton,Aphis gossypii insecticide résistance enzymes}, url = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17122.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17122_27ef5710a8ddaeb926827bf6864f91b7.pdf} } @article { author = {Shairra, Souad and A., El-Sharkawy and Hassan, K. and Ahmed, Dina}, title = {The Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Nematodes on the Pink Bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {103-113}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0791}, eissn = {2090-0864}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsf.2016.17123}, abstract = {The development of indigenously isolated entomopathogenic nematodes as biological control agents was investigated. The study involved two nematode species (Steinernema riobrave and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (HP88 strain) and their pathogenicity against larvae of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella, under laboratory conditions. The observed mortality caused by the both tested nematodes at different time intervals was recorded. The establishment of nematodes in a host depends greatly on its ability to manage host defenses so, total larval body contents (total protein and free fatty acids) were recorded as well as activities of detoxification enzymes (peroxidase and phenoloxidase) were screened. Results indicated that, the two nematodes had variable significantly effects. S. riobrave recorded a highly significantly affect than H. bacteriophora. In addition, there are relationship between mortality rate and time exposure of both nematodes against P. gossypiella larvae, the susceptibility increased with the time exposure increased. Total proteins content significantly increased after treatment with S. riobrave (24.58 mg protein/gbwt).Whilst H. bacteriophora caused a non-significant increase in the proteins content (22.95 mg protein/gbwt). In addition, it is could be noted that, female showed a slight significant increase in total proteins content (23.81 mg protein/gbwt) than male (23.10 mg protein/gbwt). Both nematode species increased the free fatty acids than control and the contents of free fatty acids were higher in female (1355.78 ug triolein/gbwt) than male (469.33 ug triolein/gbwt). Nematodes, H. bacteriophora and S. riobrave showed the lowest enzyme activities of phenoloxidase (17.87 and 17.72 OD units/min/gbwt, respectively). In addition, values recorded for male and female did not differed significantly. Data demonstrated that peroxidase activity of the pink bollworm larvae was higher in female than male. The enzyme activity increased relative to control by 13.55 and 74.92% in the case of H. bacteriophora male and female with values of 3.10 and 5.79 Δ OD 430/min/gbwt, respectively. In conclusion, we can say that the all parameters determined were higher in female than male, except in the case of phenoloxidase. Entomopathogenic nematodes, S. riobrave and H. bacteriophora can play an important role in defeating the host immune system and can control larvae of P. gossypiella.}, keywords = {biological control,Nematodes,entomopathogenic,pink bollworm,P. gossypiella,Enzymes}, url = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17123.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17123_66f427e572c45fd3a828d17ec75ae7e5.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, Hend and El-Heneidy, A. and Ali, Abd-Elalim and Awad, Azza}, title = {Non-Chemical Control of the Pink Bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in Cotton Fields at Assuit Governorate, Upper Egypt, I- Using a mating disruption technique}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {115-124}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0791}, eissn = {2090-0864}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsf.2016.17124}, abstract = {Effect of mating disruption technique, at therate of 300 PB-Rope dispensers/feddanfor suppressing thepopulationand percentage of infestationwith the pinkbollworm (PBW),Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) wasinvestigated in cotton fields at Assuit Governorate (Upper Egypt), throughoutthe two successive cotton growing seasons 2013-2014. Catches of PBW moths inthe sex pheromone traps and the damage in green bolls were recordedin both treated and control fields. Data showed thatmoth catches were highly suppressed (near 100%) in thetreatedfield by installation of the dispensers during the 50% flowering growth stage.In addition, % of average infestationin the cotton greenbolls was significantly decreased in the treated (1.51&0.89) compared with the controlfield(20.54 &12.33%) in both seasons, respectively. A significant difference wasfound in the average yield/feddan estimatedattheplot treated with pheromones (10.25 Kent.) compared with the control (6.37Kent.). This study recommended using only one application of pheromonedispenser during the flowering growth stage of the cotton plants is sufficientto maintain the moth catches and infestation % in green bolls at the lowestlevel}, keywords = {Pectinophora gossypiella,cotton fields,control,Mating disruption,PB-rope dispensers,Egypt}, url = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17124.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17124_720fb7c8a3e26d42b2aed764882ffb61.pdf} } @article { author = {Metwally, Nadia and Hanafi, Donia and Elnwishy, Nagwa}, title = {Monitoring of Chlorpyrifos and Heavy Metals in Agricultural Area, Kerdasa Cairo}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {125-134}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0791}, eissn = {2090-0864}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsf.2016.17125}, abstract = {Monitoring of organophosphorus and heavy metals was carried out in Abd El-Aal Canal, Kerdasa agricultural area, Cairogovernorate to investigate the level of pollution with these contaminants in the aquatic ecosystems feeding farms. Samples were collected from Abd El-Aal Canal and analyzed by ICP-AES to detect cadmium, copper, iron, manganese, lead and zinc, and analyzed by GC to detect organophosphorus pesticides. Results revealed that the highest detected concentrations of manganese were (0.108 ±0.008 mg/L) and lead (0.18 ±0.002 mg/L) both were found exceeding the standard accepted limits. Only chlorpyrifos insecticide was detected in tested samples, and it was above the standard limits as well. As a result, the increased levels of chlorpyrifos, manganese and lead in Abd El-Aal Canal may cause stress to the aquatic ecosystem. The high level of detected contamination indicates potential danger on aquatic animals, farm animals, agricultural crops, and eventually human health. simple and economical methodology to remove pollutants from aquatic systems is recom-mended.}, keywords = {Organophosphorous,Heavy metals,pollution,Aquatic environment}, url = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17125.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17125_66892c7b965dc385682a8789da0a5dc1.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Hamid, Hassan and Soliman, El-Sayed and Osman, Hanan.}, title = {Field Efficiency of Certain Neonicotinoids Alone and Their Mixtures With Chlorpyrifos Against, Aphis gossypii, Bemisia tabaci and Their Predators Coccinella septempunctata and Chrysoperla carnea}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {135-144}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0791}, eissn = {2090-0864}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsf.2016.17126}, abstract = {Cotton aphid, Aphisgossypii and whiteflies, Bemisia tabaci are an important pests incotton plants in Egypt.The present work was conducted during two successive seasons 2014 and 2015 in Beni- suef Governorate on the cotton crop by spraying the tested insecticidesalone and mixtures of  both acetamipridand thiamethoxam with chloropyrifos to estimate the percentage of reduction of Aphisgossypii and Bemisia tabaci and their associated predators, Coccinella  septempunctataand Chrysoperlacarnea,after different intervals which include (24 hours) to estimate theimmediate effect, as well as after 3 ,7 and 14 days to evaluate the latenteffect. Results indicated that acetamiprid, thiamethoxam and chloropyrifosalone proved to reduce Aphis gossypii and Bemisia tabaci populations up to 14days after treatment throughout both seasons. Whereas, combination ofacetamiprid and thiamethoxam with chloropyrifos at half recommended rate showedthe high efficiency with reduction percentage reached to 100.0% at same exposuretime during the successive seasons 2014 and 2015. In addition, acetamiprid,thiamethoxam and chloropyrifos proved the high reduction percent to thepopulations of Coccinella septempunctata and C. carnea when these insecticides were usedalone at recommended rate at 24h from treatments. Chlorpyrifos in mixtures with both acetamiprid, and thiamethoxam athalf recommended rate showed the high effect with reduction percentage reachedto 100.0% reductions for both predators in two seasons. Results suggested that,choosing suitable insecticide to control the tested cotton pests not onlydepends on its efficiency but also its toxicity tonatural enemies. Also, these results indicatedthat the initial kill and residual effect of these insecticides washighly persistent up to 14 days. The overall results appeared promising incombination with insecticides as result of significant increasing its reductionpercent. }, keywords = {Acetamiprid,thiamethoxam,chlorpyrifos ethyl,mixtures,Bemisia tabaci,Aphis gossypii,Coccinella septempunctata and Chrysoperla carnea}, url = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17126.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17126_e942ea94068f09483c6c573cf96141d3.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El-Kareem, Sara and Abdel Aziz, Mohamed}, title = {Estimation of the Efficiency of Bacterial Isolate Compared to Commercial Formulated Bioinsecticides Against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) in Vitro}, journal = {Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, F. Toxicology & Pest Control}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, pages = {145-153}, year = {2016}, publisher = {Egyptian Society of Biological Sciences}, issn = {2090-0791}, eissn = {2090-0864}, doi = {10.21608/eajbsf.2016.17127}, abstract = {The present study was performed in order to evaluate the biological and biochemical effects of commercially formulated Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (BTK) and a locally isolated BTK against the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis, under laboratory conditions. Two commercial bioinsecticides; Protecto® and Dipel DF®, and the local isolated B. thuringiensis kurstaki (BTK) were tested against 2nd and 4th instar larvae of S. littoralis. The results showed a decrease in both mean larval and pupal duration of the larvae, which were treated as 2nd and 4th instar larvae. The results also showed a decrease in the rate pupation and the adult emergence percentage compared to the control. The results also showed influenced by the mean adult longevity for both male and female moths as a result of treatment with studied compounds. In addition, results showed that the treatment with tested bioagents led to a negative impact on the activity of certain enzymes.  }, keywords = {Cotton leafworm,Spodoptera littoralis,Bacillus thuringiensis,kurstaki,commercial formulations,biological aspects,non-specific esterases,ALP,ACP}, url = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17127.html}, eprint = {https://eajbsf.journals.ekb.eg/article_17127_3547aaffdf7eaa883e2b0fd15e93c311.pdf} }